无溶剂微波萃取芳香草本植物精油：与传统水蒸馏法的比较

Solvent-free microwave extraction of essential oil from aromatic herbs: comparison with conventional hydro-distillation.

作者信息

Lucchesi Marie E, Chemat Farid, Smadja Jacqueline

机构信息

Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances, Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, F-97715 Saint Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Réunion, France DOM.

出版信息

J Chromatogr A. 2004 Jul 23;1043(2):323-7. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.083.

DOI:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.083

PMID:15330107

Abstract

Solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) is a combination of microwave heating and dry distillation, performed at atmospheric pressure without added any solvent or water. Isolation and concentration of volatile compounds are performed by a single stage. SFME has been compared with a conventional technique, hydro-distillation (HD), for the extraction of essential oil from three aromatic herbs: basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), garden mint (Mentha crispa L.), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). The essential oils extracted by SFME for 30min were quantitatively (yield) and qualitatively (aromatic profile) similar to those obtained by conventional hydro-distillation for 4.5 h. The SFME method yields an essential oil with higher amounts of more valuable oxygenated compounds, and allows substantial savings of costs, in terms of time, energy and plant material. SFME is a green technology and appears as a good alternative for the extraction of essential oils from aromatic plants.

摘要

无溶剂微波萃取（SFME）是微波加热和干馏的结合，在常压下进行，无需添加任何溶剂或水。挥发性化合物的分离和浓缩通过单一阶段完成。已将SFME与传统技术水蒸馏（HD）进行比较，用于从三种芳香草本植物中提取精油：罗勒（Ocimum basilicum L.）、薄荷（Mentha crispa L.）和百里香（Thymus vulgaris L.）。通过SFME提取30分钟得到的精油在定量（产量）和定性（香气特征）方面与通过传统水蒸馏4.5小时得到的精油相似。SFME方法得到的精油中更有价值的含氧化合物含量更高，并且在时间、能源和植物材料方面可以大幅节省成本。SFME是一种绿色技术，似乎是从芳香植物中提取精油的良好替代方法。