Bellavia A, Marino V, Gallo E, Peri S M, Bentivegna C, Agresti L, Di Bona M
Istituto di Patologia Generale, Università di Palermo, Italy.
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 1992;14(1-2):233-50. doi: 10.3109/08923979209009222.
Cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction can be induced in chickens by skin painting with oxazolone, 33 mg/Kg of body weight (KBW). The B cell contribution to the generation of the cutaneous reaction has been a matter of controversy. In an attempt to characterize this reaction we placed special interest on the possibility that the nature of this reaction could be Arthus type hypersensitivity. From the kinetics study on the cutaneous hypersensitivity after challenge with oxazolonated egg-albumin (EA-OX) it was excluded that the nature of this reaction could be delayed type hypersensitivity. Immune sera transfer experiments demonstrated that the cutaneous reaction was antibody dependent. Serum anti-oxazolone antibody titers in sensitized chickens were assayed by antiglobulin haemagglutination, using oxazolone coupled sheep erythrocytes (OX-SRBC). High titres of IgG were found in contact sensitized chickens. Furthermore this cutaneous reaction was characterized by neutrophils, inflammatory edema, rare thrombotic occlusion of small venules and on absence of monocytes. The utilization of complete Freunds' adjuvant (CFA) given at sensitization demonstrated that CFA enhanced oxazolone antibodies in the sera of immunized chickens without a correlated increase in the intensity of the cutaneous reaction to EA-OX. Animals sensitized to oxazolone (33 mg/KBW) without CFA and challenged intravenously seven days later with oxazolone coupled to autologous chicken red blood cells (OX-CRBC) died from anaphylactic shock; instead animals with the same treatment but with CFA given at sensitization did not die from anaphylactic shock. Taken collectively it was concluded that the cutaneous reaction to oxazolone in the chicken can be categorized as Arthus hypersensitivity. The relationship between cutaneous Arthus reaction and anaphylactic shock in chickens sensitized to oxazolone is discussed.
用33毫克/千克体重的恶唑酮给鸡进行皮肤涂抹可诱发皮肤超敏反应。B细胞在皮肤反应产生中的作用一直存在争议。为了表征这种反应，我们特别关注这种反应的性质可能是阿瑟斯型超敏反应的可能性。通过对恶唑酮化卵清蛋白（EA-OX）激发后皮肤超敏反应的动力学研究，排除了这种反应的性质可能是迟发型超敏反应的可能性。免疫血清转移实验表明，皮肤反应是抗体依赖性的。使用恶唑酮偶联的绵羊红细胞（OX-SRBC）通过抗球蛋白血凝试验测定致敏鸡血清中的抗恶唑酮抗体滴度。在接触致敏鸡中发现了高滴度的IgG。此外，这种皮肤反应的特征是有中性粒细胞、炎性水肿、小静脉罕见血栓闭塞且无单核细胞。致敏时使用完全弗氏佐剂（CFA）表明，CFA可增强免疫鸡血清中的恶唑酮抗体，但对EA-OX的皮肤反应强度没有相应增加。用33毫克/千克体重的恶唑酮致敏且未使用CFA的动物，7天后静脉注射恶唑酮偶联的自体鸡红细胞（OX-CRBC）会死于过敏性休克；相反，同样处理但致敏时使用CFA的动物不会死于过敏性休克。综合来看，得出结论：鸡对恶唑酮的皮肤反应可归类为阿瑟斯超敏反应。本文讨论了恶唑酮致敏鸡的皮肤阿瑟斯反应与过敏性休克之间的关系。
