Audran Michel, Connes Philippe, Varlet-Marie Emmanuelle
Service de Biophysique et Bioanalyse à la Faculté de Pharmacie de Montpellier, 15, avenue Charles Flahault, B.P. 14491-34093 Montpellier cedex 5.
Bull Acad Natl Med. 2003;187(9):1669-79; discussion 1680-3.
Maximal oxygen uptake is one of the major performance limiting factor in endurance sports. Sophisticated training methods have been developed to increase this variable. On the other hand, attempts have been made to improve maximal oxygen uptake by artificial means: blood doping, administration of human recombinant erythropoietin and, probably, by the use of a new class of therapeutic agents: the oxygen carriers. All these substances and methods are prohibited by the International Olympic Committee. But, until now, the detection of the misuse of these compounds is a problem: there is no detection method for blood doping, no screening method for oxygen carriers and the current test method for rhu-Epo lacks sensitivity if a urine sample is collected more than 3-4 days after the last injection of the protein. An indirect method for detecting rhu-Epo could be an alternative solution. Our researches in this field highlight the difficulties to detect doping from biological parameters.
最大摄氧量是耐力运动中主要的成绩限制因素之一。人们已经开发出复杂的训练方法来提高这一变量。另一方面，也有人试图通过人工手段提高最大摄氧量：血液兴奋剂、注射重组人促红细胞生成素，以及可能使用一类新型治疗药物：氧载体。国际奥委会禁止所有这些物质和方法。但是，到目前为止，检测这些化合物的滥用是一个问题：没有血液兴奋剂的检测方法，没有氧载体的筛查方法，而且如果在最后一次注射该蛋白质3 - 4天之后采集尿样，目前检测重组人促红细胞生成素的测试方法缺乏灵敏度。检测重组人促红细胞生成素的间接方法可能是一种替代解决方案。我们在该领域的研究凸显了从生物学参数检测兴奋剂的困难。
