Casale E S, Qureshi M A, Shih J C
University Biotechnology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7608.
Poult Sci. 1992 Jan;71(1):141-50. doi: 10.3382/ps.0710141.
The major cellular components of atherosclerotic lesions in several species have been shown to be smooth muscle cells (SMC) and macrophages. Many studies suggest the composition of a lesion varies depending on the stage of lesion development. For example, macrophages are believed to be involved in the initial events of fatty streak formation in many animals. This communication presents the first cellular study of quail atherosclerosis and demonstrates the alteration of cellular structure during the process of the disease in quail fed a cholesterol diet. Monoclonal antibodies to alpha-actin and chicken macrophages effectively identified the presence of SMC and macrophages, respectively, as constituents of the atherosclerotic lesions. Macrophage presence, as well as SMC proliferation, was observed in early lesions. Although the first cell type to be involved in the initial stages of atherogenesis cannot be defined, the results suggest early intervention of macrophages and SMC. Scanning electron microscopic examination of the aortic arch demonstrates the obvious differences in appearance of the endothelial surface of normal and diseased quail. The accumulation of subendothelial foam cells causes the lumen surface to bulge irregularly into the lumen. The results of the present study are important to the evaluation of the key cellular events of atherogenesis.
在多个物种中，动脉粥样硬化病变的主要细胞成分已被证明是平滑肌细胞（SMC）和巨噬细胞。许多研究表明，病变的组成会因病变发展阶段的不同而有所变化。例如，在许多动物中，巨噬细胞被认为参与了脂肪条纹形成的初始过程。本通讯首次对鹌鹑动脉粥样硬化进行了细胞研究，并展示了喂食胆固醇饮食的鹌鹑在疾病过程中细胞结构的变化。针对α-肌动蛋白和鸡巨噬细胞的单克隆抗体分别有效地识别出了作为动脉粥样硬化病变成分的SMC和巨噬细胞的存在。在早期病变中观察到了巨噬细胞的存在以及SMC的增殖。尽管无法确定在动脉粥样硬化发生初始阶段涉及的第一种细胞类型，但结果表明巨噬细胞和SMC的早期干预。对主动脉弓的扫描电子显微镜检查显示，正常鹌鹑和患病鹌鹑内皮表面的外观存在明显差异。内皮下泡沫细胞的积累导致管腔表面不规则地向管腔内凸出。本研究结果对于评估动脉粥样硬化发生的关键细胞事件具有重要意义。
