Hankes G H, Dillon A R, Ravis W R
Department of Small Animal Surgery and Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849.
Am J Vet Res. 1992 Jan;53(1):26-33.
Hemorrhagic shock was induced in nonsplenectomized dogs by removing 41% of their blood volume over a 15-minute period. Hemodynamic and metabolic variables were determined prior to and for 3 hours after completion of hemorrhage. One group of 5 dogs was not treated. After the 30-minute sample was collected, a second group of 5 dogs was given lactated Ringer solution (LRS) at 88 ml/kg of body weight, IV. A third group of 5 dogs was given LRS (88 ml/kg, IV) and prednisolone sodium succinate (11 mg/kg, IV) 30 minutes after hemorrhage. The IV administration of LRS was completed within 15 minutes. The glucocorticoid was administered as an IV bolus after 500 ml of LRS had been given. The large volume and administration of LRS significantly (P = 0.05) improved many of the hemodynamic and metabolic effects of acute hemorrhage and hemorrhagic shock. At one time or another during the 2.5-hour observation period after the initiation of treatment, mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance, heart rate, respiratory rate, lactate, glucose, and arterial and venous blood gas values were significantly (P = 0.05) improved, compared with baseline values. The addition of prednisolone sodium succinate to the treatment regimen improved the effectiveness of LRS alone only in some dogs at random sampling times. Significant trends were not observed except, possibly, the improvement of venous pH and A-V pH and PCO2 differences.
在15分钟内抽取非脾切除犬41%的血容量，诱导其发生失血性休克。在出血完成前及完成后3小时测定血流动力学和代谢变量。一组5只犬不进行治疗。在采集30分钟样本后，第二组5只犬静脉注射乳酸林格液（LRS），剂量为88 ml/kg体重。第三组5只犬在出血后30分钟静脉注射LRS（88 ml/kg）和琥珀酸钠泼尼松龙（11 mg/kg）。LRS静脉给药在15分钟内完成。在给予500 ml LRS后，以静脉推注方式给予糖皮质激素。大量输注LRS显著（P = 0.05）改善了急性出血和失血性休克的许多血流动力学和代谢效应。在开始治疗后的2.5小时观察期内的某个时间点，与基线值相比，平均动脉压、心脏指数、全身血管阻力、心率、呼吸频率、乳酸、葡萄糖以及动脉和静脉血气值均显著（P = 0.05）改善。在治疗方案中添加琥珀酸钠泼尼松龙仅在随机抽样时间的部分犬中提高了单独使用LRS的有效性。除了可能改善静脉pH值以及动静脉pH值和PCO2差值外，未观察到显著趋势。
