Franzoni Ferdinando, Plantinga Yvonne, Femia Francesca R, Bartolomucci Francesco, Gaudio Carlo, Regoli Francesco, Carpi Angelo, Santoro Gino, Galetta Fabio
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa School of Medicine, Via Roma, 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2004 Oct;58(8):432-6. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2004.08.009.
Aging is associated with endothelial dysfunction in both conduit arteries and peripheral microcirculation. Furthermore, aging is associated with an increased susceptibility to free radical mediated tissue damage. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between age, regular aerobic-endurance training, plasma antioxidant activity and microcirculatory skin blood flow in healthy individuals. Thirty-six male athletes (range: 22-74 years; VO2max 54.3 +/- 5.2 ml/kg/min) and 36 age-sex-matched sedentary controls (range: 20-75 years; VO2max 34.2 +/- 3.4 ml/kg/min) were studied. Each group was divided into a younger (<30 years) and an older (>60 years) subgroup. Hand and foot baseline and stimulated skin blood flow (SBF) was measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry. Plasma free radicals antioxidant capacity against both peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals was also evaluated as Total Oxyradical Scavenging Capacity (TOSC) units. Baseline SBFs were not significantly different between athletes and sedentary groups, while plasma TOSC values against peroxyl radicals (18.4 +/- 3.1 vs. 13.8.0 +/- 3.4 units/ml, P < 0.001) and hydroxyl radicals (8.7 +/- 2.5 vs 4.9 +/- 2.3 units/ml, P <0.001) was higher in athletes. Hand SBF after heating and ischemia and foot SBF after heating were higher in athletes (P <0.0001) than in the sedentary group. In the sedentary groups, the lowest tertile of age had higher plasma TOSC values than the highest tertile of age (ROO- 18.2 +/- 2.2 vs 8.8 +/- 1.4 units/ml; HO- 9.2 +/- 1.3 vs 3.7 +/- 0.5 units/ml, P < 0.001). Among athletes, the lowest and the highest tertile of age did not show significantly different plasma TOSC (young: ROO- 20.3 +/- 1.5 and HO-: 9.7 +/- 1.4 units/ml; older: ROO-: 17.1 +/- 1.3 and HO-: 9.0 +/- 0.8 units/ml, n.s.). Resting SBF was similar in all the subgroups; stimulated SBFs were lower in both subgroups of untrained respect to trained individuals (P <0.001). In the sedentary subjects, SBF was inversely related to age (r = -0.63; P <0.0001) and directly related to TOSC against peroxyl (r = 0.59, P <0.001) and hydroxyl radicals (r = 0.47, P <0.01). In athletes SBF was related only to VO2max (r = 0.36; P <0.05) and TOSC vs ROO. (r = 0.41, P <0.01). In conclusion, these results suggest that regular physical activity is associated with a better microvascular endothelial function in older athletes probably due to increased antioxidant defenses.
衰老与中大型动脉和外周微循环中的内皮功能障碍相关。此外，衰老与自由基介导的组织损伤易感性增加有关。本研究的目的是评估健康个体的年龄、定期有氧耐力训练、血浆抗氧化活性和皮肤微循环血流量之间的关系。研究了36名男性运动员（年龄范围：22 - 74岁；最大摄氧量54.3±5.2 ml/kg/min）和36名年龄、性别匹配的久坐不动的对照者（年龄范围：20 - 75岁；最大摄氧量34.2±3.4 ml/kg/min）。每组又分为较年轻（<30岁）和较年长（>60岁）两个亚组。通过激光多普勒血流仪测量手部和足部的基础及刺激后的皮肤血流量（SBF）。还评估了血浆对过氧自由基和羟基自由基的自由基抗氧化能力，以总氧自由基清除能力（TOSC）单位表示。运动员组和久坐不动组的基础SBF无显著差异，而运动员组血浆对过氧自由基的TOSC值（18.4±3.1对13.8±3.4单位/ml，P<0.001）和对羟基自由基的TOSC值（8.7±2.5对4.9±2.3单位/ml，P<0.001）更高。运动员加热和缺血后手部的SBF以及加热后足部的SBF高于久坐不动组（P<0.0001）。在久坐不动组中，年龄最低三分位数者的血浆TOSC值高于年龄最高三分位数者（过氧自由基清除能力 - 18.2±2.2对8.8±1.4单位/ml；羟基自由基清除能力 - 9.2±1.3对3.7±0.5单位/ml，P<0.001）。在运动员中，年龄最低和最高三分位数者的血浆TOSC无显著差异（较年轻者：过氧自由基清除能力 - 20.3±1.5和羟基自由基清除能力 - 9.7±1.4单位/ml；较年长者：过氧自由基清除能力 - 17.1±1.3和羟基自由基清除能力 - 9.0±0.8单位/ml，无显著差异）。所有亚组的静息SBF相似；未经训练的两个亚组的刺激后SBF均低于训练者（P<0.001）。在久坐不动的受试者中，SBF与年龄呈负相关（r = -0.63；P<0.0001），与对过氧自由基的TOSC呈正相关（r = 0.59，P<0.001）以及与对羟基自由基的TOSC呈正相关（r = 0.47，P<0.01）。在运动员中，SBF仅与最大摄氧量（r = 0.36；P<0.05）和对过氧自由基的TOSC相关（r = 0.41，P<0.01）。总之，这些结果表明，规律的体育活动可能由于抗氧化防御增强，与老年运动员更好的微血管内皮功能相关。
