Bush Eliot C, Allman John M
Biology Division, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.
Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol. 2004 Nov;281(1):1088-94. doi: 10.1002/ar.a.20114.
In this study, three-dimensional reconstructions of primate primary visual cortex (V1) were used to address questions about its evolution. The three-dimensional shape of V1 in anthropoids is significantly longer and narrower than in strepsirrhines. This difference is an effect of clade and is not due to differences in activity pattern or V1 size. New measurements of V1 volume were also provided in order to reassess V1 size differences between strepsirrhines and anthropoids. It was found that for a given lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) volume, anthropoids have a significantly larger V1 than strepsirrhines do. This is important since LGN is the principal source of V1's input. Finally, independent contrasts analysis was used to examine the scaling of V1 relative to LGN, the rest of cortex, and the rest of the brain. It was confirmed that V1 scales with positive allometry relative to LGN. A number of possible explanations for scaling are discussed. V1 scaling may have to do with the tendency of large brains to be more compartmentalized than small brains, or V1 scaling might reflect the geometry of information representation.
在本研究中，利用灵长类动物初级视觉皮层（V1）的三维重建来探讨其进化相关问题。类人猿V1的三维形状比狐猴的显著更长且更窄。这种差异是进化枝的影响，并非由于活动模式或V1大小的差异。还提供了V1体积的新测量值，以便重新评估狐猴和类人猿之间V1大小的差异。研究发现，对于给定的外侧膝状体（LGN）体积，类人猿的V1比狐猴的显著更大。这很重要，因为LGN是V1输入的主要来源。最后，使用独立对比分析来检查V1相对于LGN、大脑皮层其余部分以及大脑其余部分的缩放情况。证实了V1相对于LGN以正异速生长方式缩放。讨论了一些关于缩放的可能解释。V1缩放可能与大脑越大越倾向于比小大脑更具分区性有关，或者V1缩放可能反映了信息表示的几何结构。
