Bertolucci Cristiano, Foà Augusto
Dipartimento di Biologia and Centro di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Chronobiol Int. 2004 Jul;21(4-5):501-19. doi: 10.1081/cbi-120039813.
In mammals both the regulation of circadian rhythms and photoperiodic responses depend exclusively upon photic information provided by the lateral eyes; however, nonmammalian vertebrates can also rely on multiple extraocular photoreceptors to perform the same tasks. Extraocular photoreceptors include deep brain photoreceptors located in several distinct brain sites and the pineal complex, involving intracranial (pineal and parapineal) and extracranial (frontal organ and parietal eye) components. This review updates the research field of the most recent acquisitions concerning the roles of extraocular photoreceptors on circadian physiology and behavior, particularly photic entrainment and sun compass orientation.
在哺乳动物中，昼夜节律和光周期反应的调节完全依赖于侧眼提供的光信息；然而，非哺乳动物脊椎动物也可以依靠多种眼外光感受器来执行相同的任务。眼外光感受器包括位于几个不同脑区的深部脑光感受器和松果体复合体，涉及颅内（松果体和副松果体）和颅外（额器官和顶眼）成分。这篇综述更新了关于眼外光感受器在昼夜生理和行为，特别是光诱导同步和太阳罗盘定向方面作用的最新研究领域。
