Ouabain at nanomolar concentration promotes synthesis and release of angiotensin II from the endothelium of the tail vascular bed of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The effects of 1 nM ouabain (OUA) on the contractile actions of phenylephrine (PHE, 0.001-100 microg) and functional activity of the sodium pump (NKA) in isolated-perfused tail vascular beds from WKY and SHR were investigated. In preparations from SHR, perfusion with OUA in the presence of endothelium (E+) increased the sensitivity (pED50) of PHE (before: 2.14 +/- 0.06 versus after: 2.47 +/- 0.07; P < 0.05) without altering the maximal response (Emax). After endothelial damage, OUA reduced the Emax of PHE in SHR (before: 350 +/- 29 versus after: 293 +/- 25 mm Hg; P < 0.05). In SHR/E+, pretreatment with losartan (10 microM) or enalaprilat (1 microM) prevented the increased sensitivity to PHE induced by OUA. OUA increased NKA activity in SHR/E+ (before: 45 +/- 6 versus after: 58 +/- 5%, P < 0.05). Losartan (10 mg/Kg, i.v.) also abolished the increment in systolic and diastolic blood pressure induced by OUA (0.18 microg/Kg, i.v.) in anesthetized SHR. OUA did not alter the actions of PHE in either anesthetized WKY rats or vascular preparations. Results suggest that 1 nM OUA increased the vascular reactivity to PHE only in SHR/E+. This effect is mediated by OUA-induced activation of endothelial angiotensin converting enzyme that promotes the local formation of angiotensin II, which sensitizes the vascular smooth muscle to the actions of PHE.