Goodarzi Fariborz, Huggins Frank
Geological Survey of Canada-Calgary Division, 3303-33rd Street N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2L 2A7, Canada.
J Environ Monit. 2004 Oct;6(10):787-91. doi: 10.1039/b401899k. Epub 2004 Sep 17.
The nickel species in the feed coals and ash by-products from seven Canadian power plants (including one with a fluidized bed combuster) burning local subbituminous and bituminous coals with sulfur contents ranging from 0.22 to 3.6% have been examined using nickel XANES spectroscopy. XANES spectroscopy of Ni in coal and coal derived ash is complicated by a poor signal : noise ratio due to fluorescence of the much more abundant iron in the coal. Nevertheless, it has proved possible to show that the Ni environment in coals varies from largely oxidic species to mixtures of Ni-containing oxide and sulfide species. The nickel in one oxidized coal appears to be present as nickel sulfate. Nickel in all bottom and fly ash samples examined appears also to be present largely in oxygen anion environments. With the exception of one fly ash sample, for which the Ni exhibited spectral features similar to those for Ni(2+) in spinel or oxide phases, the nickel in the bottom and fly ash samples appears to exist largely as Ni(2+) in environments similar to those reported for Ni in silicate glasses. The data obtained indicate that the presence of potentially carcinogenic nickel sulfides in ash by-products from combustion of these coals is unlikely.
利用镍K边X射线吸收近边结构（XANES）光谱，对加拿大7家发电厂（包括1家配备流化床燃烧器的电厂）的入炉煤及其灰分副产物中的镍物种进行了研究。这些电厂燃烧当地的次烟煤和烟煤，硫含量在0.22%至3.6%之间。由于煤中含量高得多的铁产生荧光，导致煤和煤灰中镍的XANES光谱的信噪比很低，使分析变得复杂。然而，已证实有可能表明，煤中镍的环境从主要是氧化态物种到含镍氧化物和硫化物物种的混合物不等。一种氧化煤中的镍似乎以硫酸镍的形式存在。在所检测的所有底灰和飞灰样品中，镍似乎也主要存在于氧阴离子环境中。除了一个飞灰样品外，该样品中镍的光谱特征与尖晶石或氧化物相中Ni(2+)的光谱特征相似，底灰和飞灰样品中的镍似乎主要以Ni(2+)的形式存在，其环境与硅酸盐玻璃中镍的报道环境相似。获得的数据表明，这些煤燃烧产生的灰分副产物中不太可能存在潜在致癌的硫化镍。
