Claus Filip G, Hricak Hedvig, Hattery Robert R
Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, C278, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Radiographics. 2004 Oct;24 Suppl 1:S167-80. doi: 10.1148/24si045516.
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and hydrogen 1 MR spectroscopy of the prostate gland are performed during the same examination with a conventional clinical MR unit. Prostate zonal anatomy and prostate cancer are best depicted on multiplanar T2-weighted MR images. MR imaging and 1H MR spectroscopy are not used as an initial diagnostic tool. Their use in tumor detection is reserved for patients with elevated prostate-specific antigen levels in whom previous biopsy results were negative. The use of MR imaging and 1H MR spectroscopy for the evaluation of tumor location, local extent (extracapsular extension and/or seminal vesicle invasion), volume, and aggressiveness is generating strong clinical interest. In staging and treatment planning, MR imaging has been shown to have an incremental value additive to the value of clinical nomograms. Furthermore, anatomic and metabolic mapping of the prostate gland with 1H MR spectroscopy offers the possibility of optimizing treatment planning (watchful waiting, surgery, or radiation therapy [intensity-modulated radiation therapy or brachytherapy]), thus further expanding the role of MR imaging in the achievement of patient-specific, individualized treatment.
前列腺的磁共振（MR）成像和氢质子磁共振波谱检查在同一检查过程中使用传统临床MR设备进行。前列腺分区解剖结构和前列腺癌在多平面T2加权MR图像上显示最佳。MR成像和氢质子磁共振波谱不作为初始诊断工具。它们在肿瘤检测中的应用仅限于前列腺特异性抗原水平升高且先前活检结果为阴性的患者。MR成像和氢质子磁共振波谱用于评估肿瘤位置、局部范围（包膜外扩展和/或精囊侵犯）、体积和侵袭性正引起强烈的临床关注。在分期和治疗规划中，MR成像已被证明对临床列线图具有附加价值。此外，利用氢质子磁共振波谱对前列腺进行解剖和代谢图谱分析为优化治疗规划（观察等待、手术或放射治疗[调强放射治疗或近距离放射治疗]）提供了可能，从而进一步扩大了MR成像在实现患者特异性个体化治疗中的作用。
