Scharf Gernot, Deplazes Peter, Kaser-Hotz Barbara, Borer Luc, Hasler Andreas, Haller Markus, Flückiger Mark
Diagnostic Imaging and Radio-Oncology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zu- rich, Switzerland.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004 Sep-Oct;45(5):411-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2004.04074.x.
Alveolar echinococcosis is a rare metacestodal infection of humans and domestic animals with Echinococcus multilocularis and predominantly affects the liver. In humans, diagnosis is based on serology, ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), techniques that have not yet been validated for the diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in dogs. Therefore, the purpose of this retrospective study was to describe the radiographic, ultrasonographic, and CT appearance of canine alveolar echinococcosis. Eleven dogs with confirmed alveolar echinococcosis (PCR or histology from biopsy material of metacestode tissue) diagnosed between 1995 and 2003 were included in the study. The age of the dogs at initial presentation ranged from 7 months to 10.5 years. Abdominal radiographs were made in nine animals, abdominal ultrasonography was performed in 10 dogs, and two CT studies in one dog, respectively. The history, clinical presentation, and laboratory findings for the 11 dogs were unspecific, the most frequent clinical finding being nonpainful progressive abdominal distention. All radiographed dogs had large liver masses; they contained small mineralizations in five. The most frequent ultrasonographic finding was multiple large cavitary masses with or without wall mineralizations. Seven animals received surgical and subsequent medical therapy with albendazole (10mg/kg) and all went into clinical remission. This study reviewed for the first time imaging findings associated with alveolar echinococcosis. The disease has to be included in the list of differential diagnoses in dogs with large, cavitary liver masses, particularly when mineralization is noted.
泡型包虫病是一种由多房棘球绦虫引起的罕见的人和家畜的中绦期感染，主要累及肝脏。在人类中，诊断基于血清学、超声检查、计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI），但这些技术尚未在犬类泡型包虫病诊断中得到验证。因此，本回顾性研究的目的是描述犬类泡型包虫病的放射学、超声学和CT表现。本研究纳入了1995年至2003年间确诊为泡型包虫病（通过多房棘球绦虫组织活检材料的PCR或组织学检查确诊）的11只犬。初次就诊时犬的年龄范围为7个月至10.5岁。分别对9只动物进行了腹部X线摄影，对10只犬进行了腹部超声检查，对1只犬进行了两次CT检查。11只犬的病史、临床表现和实验室检查结果均无特异性，最常见的临床表现为无痛性进行性腹胀。所有进行X线摄影的犬均有较大的肝脏肿块；其中5只含有小的钙化灶。最常见的超声检查结果是多个大的空洞性肿块，有或无壁钙化。7只动物接受了手术及随后的阿苯达唑（10mg/kg）药物治疗，均进入临床缓解期。本研究首次回顾了与泡型包虫病相关的影像学表现。在患有大的、空洞性肝脏肿块的犬中，尤其是发现有钙化时，必须将该病列入鉴别诊断清单。
