Schwid S R, Hirvonen M D, Keesey R E
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1992 Apr;55(4):878-84. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/55.4.878.
Rats infused with nicotine were initially hypophagic and lost weight. Although food intake recovered, body weight remained 8-12% below normal. Elevating (or reducing) body weight before treatment prolonged (or shortened) initial hypophagia; weight reliably stabilized at the reduced level. At this reduced weight, the treated rats' daily resting energy expenditure was comparable with that of normal-weight controls (262.3 vs 261.9 kJ.d-1.kg body wt-0.75). Reducing the weight of controls to that of treated rats caused their expenditure to drop to 250.6 kJ.d-1.kg body wt-0.75, an energy-conserving adjustment that treated rats also displayed when their weight was lowered from its already-reduced level. Terminating nicotine treatment led initially to hyperphagia, which abated upon body weight being restored to normal. Normal daily energy expenditures at reduced weights suggest that nicotine lowers regulated body energy. Acute intake adjustments associated with initiation (or cessation) of nicotine treatment can be viewed as responses appropriate to bringing body energy into balance with the altered regulation level.
注入尼古丁的大鼠最初食量减少且体重下降。尽管食物摄入量恢复了，但体重仍比正常水平低8 - 12%。在治疗前增加（或减少）体重会延长（或缩短）最初的食量减少期；体重可靠地稳定在降低的水平。在这个降低的体重水平下，接受治疗的大鼠每日静息能量消耗与正常体重对照组相当（分别为262.3和261.9千焦·天⁻¹·千克体重⁻⁰.⁷⁵）。将对照组的体重降至接受治疗大鼠的体重水平会导致其能量消耗降至250.6千焦·天⁻¹·千克体重⁻⁰.⁷⁵，这是一种节能调整，接受治疗的大鼠在体重从已降低的水平进一步降低时也会表现出这种调整。停止尼古丁治疗最初会导致食量增加，当体重恢复正常时食量增加情况会减轻。在降低体重时正常的每日能量消耗表明尼古丁降低了身体调节能量。与开始（或停止）尼古丁治疗相关的急性摄入量调整可被视为使身体能量与改变后的调节水平达到平衡的适当反应。
