Norrelgen F, Lacerda F, Forssberg H
Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Learn Disabil. 2001 Jul-Aug;34(4):359-69. doi: 10.1177/002221940103400411.
This study examined temporal resolution of auditory perception (TRAP) in relation to speech perception and phonological working memory in one experiment and in relation to measures of rapid naming, understanding of grammatical contrasts, and phonological awareness in a second experiment. In the TRAP test, 6- to 9-year-old children discriminated four pairs of two sine tones, 878 Hz and 1350 Hz, presented in blocks with stepwise decreasing interstimulus intervals from 256 ms to 8 ms. In Experiment 1, weak but significant correlations between TRAP and speech perception and phonological working memory were found, as well as a significantly lower TRAP performance by girls. Experiment 2 indicated a significant relation between TRAP and the phonological awareness task. The results give qualified support to the notion of a weak relationship between TRAP and speech perception and language skills among typical children. However, the gender differences in TRAP performance, the limited variance explained by the regression models, and the finding that only one of the language parameters correlated with TRAP do not support the notion of a causal relationship between language skills and TRAP. The possibility that TRAP is connected to general neurological maturation rather than specifically to language abilities is discussed.
本研究在一项实验中考察了听觉感知的时间分辨率（TRAP）与言语感知及语音工作记忆的关系，并在第二项实验中考察了其与快速命名、语法对比理解及语音意识测量指标的关系。在TRAP测试中，6至9岁儿童辨别了四对分别为878赫兹和1350赫兹的正弦音调，这些音调以块的形式呈现，刺激间隔从256毫秒逐步递减至8毫秒。在实验1中，发现TRAP与言语感知和语音工作记忆之间存在微弱但显著的相关性，且女孩的TRAP表现显著更低。实验2表明TRAP与语音意识任务之间存在显著关系。研究结果为典型儿童中TRAP与言语感知及语言技能之间存在微弱关系这一观点提供了一定支持。然而，TRAP表现中的性别差异、回归模型所解释的有限方差，以及仅有一个语言参数与TRAP相关这一发现，并不支持语言技能与TRAP之间存在因果关系的观点。文中还讨论了TRAP与一般神经成熟相关而非专门与语言能力相关的可能性。
