Elmund A, Melin L, von Knorring A-L, Proos L, Tuvemo T
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr. 2004 Nov;93(11):1507-13. doi: 10.1080/08035250410022062.
To evaluate cognitive and neuropsychological abilities of adopted delinquent adolescents in institutional care.
Transnationally adopted adolescents admitted to institutional care (n = 20) and non-delinquent controls who were also transnationally adopted (n = 21) were compared concerning the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and Adults (WISC and WAIS), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Tower of London test (TOL). The adoptive parents answered questions about the adoption, early childhood and family circumstances by a questionnaire sent by mail.
The adopted delinquents had a significantly lower IQ and significantly lower results on several other measurements in the WISC/WAIS compared to the controls even after adjustment for age of arrival in the adoptive home. Both groups of adoptees scored low in the WISC/WAIS subscale of arithmetics when compared to the population mean. The TOL test showed that the delinquents were slower and made more errors than the controls.
The delinquent adoptees scored significantly lower on many variables in the WISC/WAIS. Both delinquent and non-delinquent adoptees had some difficulties with arithmetic. The weak performances in arithmetics might point to some weaknesses in the neuropsychological domain. These results probably have complex explanatory causes and need to be further evaluated.
评估机构照料中被收养的违法青少年的认知和神经心理能力。
比较了进入机构照料的跨国收养青少年（n = 20）和同样是跨国收养的非违法青少年对照组（n = 21）在韦氏儿童及成人智力量表（WISC和WAIS）、威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）和伦敦塔测验（TOL）方面的表现。养父母通过邮寄问卷回答有关收养、童年早期和家庭情况的问题。
即使在对进入收养家庭的年龄进行调整后，与对照组相比，被收养的违法青少年在WISC/WAIS中的智商显著更低，在其他几项测量中的结果也显著更低。与总体均值相比，两组被收养者在WISC/WAIS算术子量表中的得分都较低。TOL测验显示，违法青少年比对照组速度更慢，错误更多。
被收养的违法青少年在WISC/WAIS中的许多变量上得分显著更低。违法和非违法的被收养者在算术方面都有一些困难。算术方面的薄弱表现可能表明神经心理领域存在一些弱点。这些结果可能有复杂的解释原因，需要进一步评估。
