Carr Alan
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, John Henry Newman Building, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Pediatr Rehabil. 2004 Oct-Dec;7(4):231-44. doi: 10.1080/13638490410001727464.
Clinical features, epidemiology and aetiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are outlined. Treatment outcome studies involving children with PTSD who have survived traumatic accidents, natural disasters and child sexual abuse are reviewed. An evidence-based assessment and treatment protocol is outlined for children and adolescents with PTSD. Key components of effective treatment are psycho-education about trauma reactions, sustained exposure to trauma-related cues and memories until habituation occurs, coping skills training for children to help them manage anxiety and parent training to equip parents with the skills to help them facilitate their children's recovery.
本文概述了创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的临床特征、流行病学和病因。回顾了针对经历过创伤事故、自然灾害和儿童性虐待并幸存下来的PTSD儿童的治疗结果研究。为患有PTSD的儿童和青少年制定了基于证据的评估和治疗方案。有效治疗的关键组成部分包括对创伤反应进行心理教育、持续暴露于与创伤相关的线索和记忆直至习惯化、为儿童提供应对技能培训以帮助他们管理焦虑，以及为父母提供培训以使他们具备帮助孩子康复的技能。
