Letourneau J G, Carlson J E, Longley D G, Yedlicka J W, Castañeda-Zúñiga W R
Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Gastrointest Radiol. 1992 Spring;17(2):141-4. doi: 10.1007/BF01888530.
Duplex sonography has established utility in the noninvasive evaluation of the portal venous system. Recently, the duplex sonographic features of suspected portal venous air have been described. We report on an experimental study in dogs undertaken to establish if the same sonographic features could be reproduced in a laboratory setting and to determine if small fragments of clot emboli could produce similar gray-scale and Doppler findings. Injections of microbubbles of air and clot fragments into the portal venous system were monitored using duplex ultrasound. The gray-scale and Doppler features of flow in the main portal vein were indistinguishable in both microbubble and clot injections. Superimposition of high-amplitude spikes on the normal portal venous waveform was seen in 19 of 24 (79%) microbubble and 13 of 23 (56%) clot fragment injections. We conclude that the appearance of rapidly moving, bright intraluminal echoes coupled with spike-like aberrations of the portal venous waveform can be associated with portal venous air bubbles or small blood clot emboli.
双功超声在门静脉系统的无创评估中已确立其应用价值。最近，已有关于疑似门静脉积气的双功超声特征的描述。我们报告一项在犬类身上进行的实验研究，旨在确定相同的超声特征能否在实验室环境中重现，以及小血栓栓子碎片是否会产生类似的灰阶和多普勒表现。使用双功超声监测向门静脉系统注入空气微泡和血栓碎片的情况。在注入空气微泡和血栓碎片时，门静脉主干血流的灰阶和多普勒特征难以区分。在24次空气微泡注入中有19次（79%）、23次血栓碎片注入中有13次（56%）可见高振幅尖峰叠加在正常门静脉波形上。我们得出结论，快速移动的明亮腔内回声以及门静脉波形的尖峰样异常表现可能与门静脉气泡或小血栓栓子有关。
