Gańczak Maria, Białecki Piotr, Boroń-Kaczmarska Anna, Szych Zbigniew
Zakładu Higieny i Epidemiologii, Pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej w Szczecinie.
Wiad Lek. 2004;57(5-6):221-8.
The objective of this study was to estimate how often surgeons use surgical gowns, masks, gloves and eyewear in the context of occupational exposure to HIV. The authors also wanted to determine what factors were associated with the use of these strategies. Generally surgeons reported infrequent use of preventive strategies. Regular use of double gloving was reported only by 8.5% of respondents, eye protection by 23%. About three-quarters of surgeons reported they always used masks and gowns, 86%--single gloves. Doctors who used eye protection regularly had less blood contacts via conjunctiva per year than surgeons who used such protection seldom or never (mean = 17.6 SD 52.2 vs mean = 21.5 SD 73.6; p<0.003). The older surgeons were more likely than the other respondents to use preventive strategies (p<0.01). Also, the orthopaedic surgeons more than the others adopted such strategies (p<0.0007). To improve the situation, efforts will need to be done to motivate the surgeons to adopt preventive strategies through adequate education system. Improving the comfort of barrier precautions and making them available may also increase the compliance with protection against HIV in the operation room.
本研究的目的是估计外科医生在职业暴露于艾滋病毒的情况下使用手术衣、口罩、手套和护目镜的频率。作者还想确定哪些因素与这些防护措施的使用有关。总体而言，外科医生报告称很少使用预防措施。只有8.5%的受访者报告经常使用双层手套，23%的人报告经常使用眼部防护。约四分之三的外科医生报告他们总是使用口罩和手术衣，86%的人总是使用单层手套。经常使用眼部防护的医生每年通过结膜接触血液的次数比很少或从不使用此类防护的外科医生少（均值=17.6，标准差52.2，对比均值=21.5，标准差73.6；p<0.003）。年长的外科医生比其他受访者更有可能使用预防措施（p<0.01）。此外，骨科医生比其他医生更常采取此类措施（p<0.0007）。为改善这种情况，需要通过适当的教育系统努力激励外科医生采取预防措施。提高屏障防护措施的舒适度并使其易于获得，也可能会提高手术室中针对艾滋病毒防护措施的依从性。
