Rouhan Germinal, Dubuisson Jean-Yves, Rakotondrainibe France, Motley Timothy J, Mickel John T, Labat Jean-Noël, Moran Robbin C
Département Systématique et Evolution USM 602, Herbier National Plantes Vasculaires, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 16 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2004 Dec;33(3):745-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.08.006.
We performed a phylogenetic analysis of the fern genus Elaphoglossum using two non-coding chloroplast spacers: trnL-trnF and rps4-trnS. The sampling includes 123 species, of which 80 have not been previously sequenced, and for the first time includes species from Africa and the Indian Ocean area. The results of this expanded study largely agree with an earlier molecular study based on a smaller group of neotropical species and with the morphology-based classification of Mickel and Atehortua. We found, however, that some infrageneric groups such as section Elaphoglossum are not monophyletic. Besides section Elaphoglossum pro parte, we recognize six sections: two new monospecific, unnamed sections, and the previously established sections Lepidoglossa, Squamipedia, Amygdalifolia, and "Subulate-scaled clade." We divide the subulate-scaled clade into subsection Setosa (hydathodes present) and Polytrichia (hydathodes absent), and section Elaphoglossum is divided into subsections Platyglossa and Pachyglossa, two groups that do not appear to be supported by any single morphological character. In general, however, the main clades are supported by morphology. Finally, we discuss the species of the Indian Ocean region and their affinities with the neotropical ones. Out of the 11 species pairs postulated by Moran and Smith on the basis of morphology, two are well supported (E. eximium-E. aubertii; E. piloselloides-E. spatulatum) and three are not supported (E. ciliatum-E. humbertii; E. muscosum-E. poolii; E. paleaceum-E. deckenii), and two remain unresolved (E. erinaceum-E. hybridum; E. glabellum-E. acrostichoides) because our molecular markers were not variable enough. Four species pairs could not be tested because specimens were lacking. Unsupported species pairs are best interpreted as morphological convergences. Two additional species pairs are proposed: E. cuspidatum-E. succisaefolium; E. doanense-E. hornei. Placement of the species from the Indian Ocean suggests that at least 13 long-distance dispersal events occurred between the Neotropics and the Indian Ocean-Africa.
我们利用两个非编码叶绿体间隔区trnL-trnF和rps4-trnS对舌蕨属进行了系统发育分析。样本包括123个物种，其中80个此前未测序，并且首次纳入了来自非洲和印度洋地区的物种。这项扩展研究的结果在很大程度上与基于较少新热带物种组的早期分子研究以及Mickel和Atehortua基于形态学的分类结果一致。然而，我们发现一些属下类群，如舌蕨组并非单系类群。除了部分舌蕨组，我们识别出六个组：两个新的单种、未命名组，以及之前确立的鳞舌蕨组、鳞叶舌蕨组、扁桃叶舌蕨组和“钻形鳞片分支”。我们将钻形鳞片分支分为具刚毛亚组（有排水器）和多毛亚组（无排水器），舌蕨组分为阔舌亚组和厚舌亚组，这两个类群似乎没有任何单一形态特征的支持。然而总体而言，主要分支得到了形态学的支持。最后，我们讨论了印度洋地区的物种及其与新热带物种的亲缘关系。在Moran和Smith基于形态学假设的11个物种对中，两个得到了充分支持（异叶舌蕨-奥氏舌蕨；毛柄舌蕨-匙形舌蕨），三个未得到支持（睫毛舌蕨-亨氏舌蕨；苔状舌蕨-普尔舌蕨；淡叶舌蕨-德氏舌蕨），两个仍未解决（猬状舌蕨-杂种舌蕨；光舌蕨-芒状舌蕨），因为我们的分子标记变异性不足。由于缺乏标本，四个物种对无法进行检验。未得到支持的物种对最好解释为形态趋同。另外提出了两个物种对：尖齿舌蕨-剑叶舌蕨；多安舌蕨-霍氏舌蕨。印度洋地区物种的位置表明，新热带地区与印度洋-非洲之间至少发生了13次远距离扩散事件。
