Kuna Piotr
Klinika Pneumonologii i Alergologii Instytutu Medycyny Wewnetrznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lodzi.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2004 May;16 Suppl 1:24-9.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized chronic inflammation of respiratory tract, reversible bronchial obturation and non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Typical symptoms of asthma are cough, wheezing and dyspnea. Diagnosis should be based on positive reversibility test with beta2-agonist. In the management of asthma patient education, allergen avoidance and anti-inflammatory treatment should be always implemented. Recently fast and long acting beta2-agonist was introduced with great success. Combination treatment with long acting beta2-agonists and topical glucocorticosteroids for patients with moderate and severe chronic asthma is recommended. We can also consider antileukotrienes and long acting theophylline as an option in patients not fully controlled by inhaled steroids. Patient with asthma should be always examined closely for chronic rhinitis and treated accordingly with antihistaminic drugs. Atopic asthma can be also treated with immunotherapy. With new drugs for asthma we can achieve full control of disease symptoms without unwanted side effects.
哮喘是一种慢性炎症性疾病，其特征为呼吸道的慢性炎症、可逆性支气管阻塞和非特异性支气管高反应性。哮喘的典型症状是咳嗽、喘息和呼吸困难。诊断应基于β2受体激动剂的阳性可逆性试验。在哮喘的管理中，患者教育、避免接触过敏原和抗炎治疗应始终贯彻实施。最近，速效和长效β2受体激动剂已成功引入。对于中度和重度慢性哮喘患者，建议使用长效β2受体激动剂与局部糖皮质激素联合治疗。对于未被吸入性类固醇完全控制的患者，我们也可以考虑使用抗白三烯药物和长效茶碱作为一种选择。哮喘患者应始终密切检查是否患有慢性鼻炎，并相应地使用抗组胺药物进行治疗。特应性哮喘也可以用免疫疗法治疗。有了治疗哮喘的新药，我们可以实现对疾病症状的完全控制而无不良副作用。
