Choptuik Matthew W, Hirschmann Eric W, Liebling Steven L, Pretorius Frans
CIAR Cosmology and Gravity Program, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Sep 24;93(13):131101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.131101. Epub 2004 Sep 21.
We report a new critical solution found at the threshold of axisymmetric gravitational collapse of a complex scalar field with angular momentum. To carry angular momentum the scalar field cannot be axisymmetric; however, its azimuthal dependence is defined so that the resulting stress-energy tensor and spacetime metric are axisymmetric. The critical solution found is nonspherical, discretely self-similar with an echoing exponent Delta=0.42(+/-4%), and exhibits a scaling exponent gamma=0.11(+/-10%) in near-critical collapse. Our simulations suggest that the solution is universal (within the imposed symmetry class), modulo a family-dependent constant, complex phase.
我们报告了一个在具有角动量的复标量场轴对称引力坍缩阈值处发现的新临界解。为了携带角动量，标量场不能是轴对称的；然而，其方位角依赖性是这样定义的，使得由此产生的应力 - 能量张量和时空度规是轴对称的。所发现的临界解是非球形的，具有离散自相似性，回波指数Δ = 0.42（±4%），并且在近临界坍缩中表现出标度指数γ = 0.11（±10%）。我们的模拟表明，该解是通用的（在所施加的对称类内），模一个依赖于族的常数、复相位。
