Paglieri Cristina, Bisbocci Daniela, Amenta Francesco, Veglio Franco
Centro per lo Studio e la Terapia dell'Ipertensione Arteriosa, Ospedale San Vito, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Oncologia Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Torino.
Ann Ital Med Int. 2004 Jul-Sep;19(3):163-70.
Cognitive impairment and dementia are more and more common in the elderly. The first begins, it advances silently and it leads to dementia in few years. Arterial hypertension represents the most important cerebrovascular risk factor after age. In numerous studies an inverse relationship between blood pressure values and cognitive performance emerges: it is possible that arterial hypertension plays a role in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline. Even in asymptomatic subjects the magnetic resonance signs of cerebral damage accompany cognitive impairment development. Antihypertensive therapy influence on cognitive function represents a subject of actual interest. The most studied drugs are calcium antagonists and ACE-inhibitors; they seem to have a protective effect on cognitive impairment, with regard to diuretics and beta-blockers. It would be important to study hypertensive patients, above all young asymptomatic hypertensives, even about cognitive functions, to prevent and consider cognitive decline and effective organ damage.
认知障碍和痴呆在老年人中越来越普遍。起初，它悄然出现，几年后会发展为痴呆。动脉高血压是继年龄之后最重要的脑血管危险因素。在众多研究中，血压值与认知表现之间呈现出负相关关系：动脉高血压可能在认知功能衰退的发病机制中起作用。即使在无症状的受试者中，脑损伤的磁共振征象也伴随着认知障碍的发展。抗高血压治疗对认知功能的影响是当前备受关注的课题。研究最多的药物是钙拮抗剂和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂；与利尿剂和β受体阻滞剂相比，它们似乎对认知障碍具有保护作用。研究高血压患者，尤其是年轻的无症状高血压患者的认知功能，对于预防和关注认知衰退及有效器官损害非常重要。
