Greene-Finestone Linda S, Campbell M Karen, Gutmanis Iris A, Evers Susan E
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Prev Med. 2005 Jan;40(1):105-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.05.009.
This study aimed to describe the dietary intakes of adolescent vegetarians and omnivores and determine if, and how, attitude toward personal health related to food consumption.
Among grade 9 students in Ontario, Canada (n = 630), vegetarian status and estimated consumption of foods and food groups were determined by food frequency questionnaire. Personal health was self-categorized as very important (the "health conscious") or somewhat/not important (the "non-health conscious").
The prevalence of vegetarianism was 6.5% (CI = 4.6-8.4%) among females and 1.0% (CI = 0.2-1.8%) among males. Health-conscious omnivores consumed more grain, vegetables and fruit, and milk product than non-health-conscious omnivores (P < 0.05). Health-conscious vegetarians ingested more grain products, vegetables and fruit, and meat and alternatives than non-health-conscious vegetarians (P < 0.05). Among non-health-conscious vegetarians, none consumed two daily servings of meat and alternatives compared to 60.5% of non-health-conscious omnivores (P < 0.001). Among health-conscious vegetarians, milk product consumption was lower than that of health-conscious omnivores (P = 0.015).
Large proportions of both vegetarian and omnivore adolescents consumed suboptimal diets. Health consciousness had value as an indicator of dietary adequacy and may be useful as a rudimentary screen for problematic dietary consumption patterns.
本研究旨在描述青少年素食者和杂食者的饮食摄入量，并确定对个人健康的态度是否以及如何与食物消费相关。
在加拿大安大略省九年级学生（n = 630）中，通过食物频率问卷确定素食状况以及食物和食物组的估计消费量。个人健康状况自我分类为非常重要（“健康意识强”）或有点/不重要（“非健康意识强”）。
女性素食主义患病率为6.5%（CI = 4.6 - 8.4%），男性为1.0%（CI = 0.2 - 1.8%）。有健康意识的杂食者比无健康意识的杂食者摄入更多的谷物、蔬菜、水果和奶制品（P < 0.05）。有健康意识的素食者比无健康意识的素食者摄入更多的谷物制品、蔬菜、水果、肉类及替代物（P < 0.05）。在无健康意识的素食者中，没有人每天食用两份肉类及替代物，而无健康意识的杂食者这一比例为60.5%（P < 0.001）。在有健康意识的素食者中，奶制品消费量低于有健康意识的杂食者（P = 0.015）。
很大比例的素食和杂食青少年饮食都不理想。健康意识作为饮食充足的一个指标具有价值，并且可能作为有问题的饮食消费模式的初步筛查手段有用。
