Ackermann Deonna, Chapman Simon, Leask Julie
School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
Vaccine. 2004 Dec 2;23(3):411-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.068.
During February 2003 a number of Australian sailors were returned home from their deployment to the Persian Gulf after refusing anthrax vaccination. This paper examines the media coverage of this episode as a case study in how controversies about vaccine safety escalate.
Frame analysis of articles from major Australian newspapers (n=83) and transcripts of radio and television news and current affairs programs (n=22) to identify the main supportive and oppositional themes used in reportage and media debate.
Initially, the major news frames were supportive of the vaccine refusing soldiers, and conveyed a sense of distrust of the government's actions. These initial themes were rapidly re-framed and new dominant discourses appeared. First, sailors went from brave whistleblowers to being portrayed as deserters and cowards. Second, proponents shifted from their portrayal as faceless regulators to personal risk takers embodied in a well-respected Major General having the vaccine. Third, the voluntary nature of the vaccine was emphasised, thus dousing the flames of implied coercion.
Marked shifts in the representation of vaccine opponents and proponents possibly contributed to the rapid diminishment of media interest in the story.
2003年2月，一些澳大利亚水手在拒绝接种炭疽疫苗后，从波斯湾的部署任务中回国。本文将此次事件的媒体报道作为一个案例研究，以探讨关于疫苗安全性的争议是如何升级的。
对澳大利亚主要报纸的文章（n = 83）以及广播和电视新闻及时事节目的文字记录（n = 22）进行框架分析，以确定报道和媒体辩论中使用的主要支持和反对主题。
最初，主要新闻框架支持拒绝接种疫苗的士兵，并传达出对政府行动的不信任感。这些最初的主题迅速被重新构建，新的主导话语出现了。第一，水手们从勇敢的举报人变成了被描绘成逃兵和懦夫。第二，支持者从被描绘成没有面孔的监管者变成了一个备受尊敬的少将接种疫苗所体现的个人冒险者。第三，强调了疫苗的自愿性质，从而平息了暗示强制的火焰。
疫苗反对者和支持者形象的显著转变可能导致了媒体对该事件兴趣的迅速下降。
