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军队医院将如何应对核、生物或化学灾难?

How would military hospitals cope with a nuclear, biological, or chemical disaster?

作者信息

Kenar Levent, Karayýlanoglu Turan, Gulec Mahir

机构信息

Department of NBC, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, 06018 Ankara, Turkey.

出版信息

Mil Med. 2004 Oct;169(10):757-60. doi: 10.7205/milmed.169.10.757.

Abstract

In any nuclear, biological, or chemical (NBC) attack, it is clear that the hospitals may be overwhelmed with casualties. In these deliberate accidents, there will be an additional problem of contamination. Military hospitals must be prepared for NBC disasters with a detailed incident plan. Within this plan, decontamination facilities and shower systems are needed primarily to protect the hospital from self-contamination. Physical and collective protection measures of the staff should be taken into account, with evacuation routes under such an attack. Within this conjunction, the required equipment, including protective suits, detection means, drugs, antidotes, and vaccines, should be provided and stored properly. Qualified personnel should be assigned to the NBC first-aid and rescue team organized within the hospital, equipped, and trained according to such a possible task. Medical staff must be aware of the effects of the agents, and must be experienced in decontamination and first-aid to victims exposed to these agents. Therefore, this information must be put into practice by giving attack scenarios and responses to the hospital administration. It can be conclusively pointed out that military hospitals especially should be better prepared than any other civilian health unit to such attacks of weapons of mass destruction.

摘要

在任何核、生物或化学(NBC)袭击中,医院显然可能会因伤亡人员过多而不堪重负。在这些蓄意事故中,还会存在污染这一额外问题。军队医院必须通过详细的事故应对计划来为NBC灾难做好准备。在该计划中,去污设施和淋浴系统主要是为了保护医院免受自身污染。应考虑工作人员的个体防护和集体防护措施,以及在这种袭击下的疏散路线。在此情况下,所需设备,包括防护服、检测手段、药品、解毒剂和疫苗,应妥善提供并储存。应向医院内组建的NBC急救和救援小组分配合格人员,并根据可能的任务为其配备装备并进行培训。医务人员必须了解这些制剂的影响,并且必须在对接触这些制剂的受害者进行去污和急救方面经验丰富。因此,必须通过向医院管理层提供袭击场景及应对措施,将这些信息付诸实践。可以明确指出,军队医院尤其应比其他任何民用卫生单位更充分地为应对此类大规模杀伤性武器袭击做好准备。

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