Lutz Antoine, Greischar Lawrence L, Rawlings Nancy B, Ricard Matthieu, Davidson Richard J
W. M. Keck Laboratory for Functional Brain Imaging and Behavior, Waisman Center, and Laboratory for Affective Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 16;101(46):16369-73. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0407401101. Epub 2004 Nov 8.
Practitioners understand "meditation," or mental training, to be a process of familiarization with one's own mental life leading to long-lasting changes in cognition and emotion. Little is known about this process and its impact on the brain. Here we find that long-term Buddhist practitioners self-induce sustained electroencephalographic high-amplitude gamma-band oscillations and phase-synchrony during meditation. These electroencephalogram patterns differ from those of controls, in particular over lateral frontoparietal electrodes. In addition, the ratio of gamma-band activity (25-42 Hz) to slow oscillatory activity (4-13 Hz) is initially higher in the resting baseline before meditation for the practitioners than the controls over medial frontoparietal electrodes. This difference increases sharply during meditation over most of the scalp electrodes and remains higher than the initial baseline in the postmeditation baseline. These data suggest that mental training involves temporal integrative mechanisms and may induce short-term and long-term neural changes.
从业者将“冥想”或心理训练理解为一个熟悉自身心理活动的过程，该过程会导致认知和情绪的持久变化。人们对这个过程及其对大脑的影响知之甚少。在此我们发现，长期的佛教修行者在冥想期间会自我诱发持续的脑电图高振幅伽马波段振荡和相位同步。这些脑电图模式与对照组不同，尤其是在外侧额顶叶电极上。此外，在冥想前的静息基线状态下，修行者在内侧额顶叶电极上的伽马波段活动（25 - 42赫兹）与慢振荡活动（4 - 13赫兹）的比率最初就高于对照组。在冥想过程中，这种差异在大多数头皮电极上急剧增加，并在冥想后的基线状态下仍高于初始基线。这些数据表明，心理训练涉及时间整合机制，并且可能诱发短期和长期的神经变化。
