Colao Annamaria
Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Horm Res. 2004;62 Suppl 3:42-50. doi: 10.1159/000080498.
Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I are involved in heart development and in maintaining cardiac structure and performance. Cardiovascular disease has been reported to reduce life expectancy both in GH deficiency (GHD) and in GH excess. Patients with GHD suffer from abnormalities of left ventricular performance, i.e. reduced diastolic filling and impaired response to peak exercise. Patients with GHD also have increased intima-media thickness at the common carotid arteries, associated with a higher occurrence of atherosclerotic plaques, which may further aggravate the haemodynamic conditions. This may contribute to increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk. These cardiovascular abnormalities can be reversed, at least partially, with GH replacement therapy. In recent years, GH therapy has been used to increase cardiac mass in ischaemic or dilated cardiomyopathy, but the results have produced contradictory data.
生长激素（GH）和胰岛素样生长因子-I参与心脏发育以及维持心脏结构和功能。据报道，心血管疾病会降低生长激素缺乏症（GHD）患者和生长激素过量患者的预期寿命。GHD患者存在左心室功能异常，即舒张期充盈减少和对峰值运动的反应受损。GHD患者的颈总动脉内膜中层厚度也增加，与动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生率较高相关，这可能会进一步加重血流动力学状况。这可能导致心血管和脑血管风险增加。这些心血管异常至少可以通过生长激素替代疗法部分逆转。近年来，生长激素疗法已被用于增加缺血性或扩张型心肌病患者的心脏质量，但结果产生了相互矛盾的数据。
