Caroli M, Argentieri L, Cardone M, Masi A
Nutrition Unit, Department of Prevention AUSL BR/1, PO D. Camberlingo, Via per Ceglie 72021, Francavilla Fontana, Brindisi, Italy.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004 Nov;28 Suppl 3:S104-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802802.
To assess the role of television as tool for childhood obesity prevention.
Review of the available literature about the relationship between television and childhood obesity, eating habits and body shape perception.
The reviewed studies showed the following: television watching replaces more vigorous activities; there is a positive correlation between time spent watching television and being overweight or obese on populations of different age; obesity prevalence has increased as well as the number of hours that TV networks dedicate to children; during the last 30 y, the rate of children watching television for more than 4 h per day seems to have increased; children are exposed to a large number of important unhealthy stimulations in terms of food intake when watching television; over the last few years, the number of television food commercials targeting children have increased especially when it comes to junk food in all of its forms; the present use of food in movies, shows and cartoons may lead to a misconception of the notion of healthy nutrition and stimulate an excessive intake of poor nutritional food; and obese subjects shown in television programmes are in a much lower percentage than in real life and are depicted as being unattractive, unsuccessful and ridiculous or with other negative traits and this is likely to result in a worsening of the isolation in which obese subjects are often forced. The different European countries have different TV legislations.
The usual depiction of food and obesity in television has many documented negative consequences on food habits and patterns. The different national regulations on programs and advertising directed to children could have a role in the different prevalence of childhood obesity in different European countries. Television could be a convenient tool to spread correct information on good nutrition and obesity prevention.
评估电视作为预防儿童肥胖工具的作用。
回顾关于电视与儿童肥胖、饮食习惯及体型认知之间关系的现有文献。
所回顾的研究表明如下情况：看电视取代了更剧烈的活动；在不同年龄段人群中，看电视时间与超重或肥胖之间存在正相关；肥胖患病率上升，同时电视网络用于儿童节目的时长也增加了；在过去30年里，每天看电视超过4小时的儿童比例似乎有所上升；儿童在看电视时会看电视时会受到大量有关食物摄入的重要不健康刺激；在过去几年里，针对儿童的电视食品广告数量增加，尤其是各种形式的垃圾食品广告；目前电影、节目和卡通片中对食物的呈现可能导致对健康营养概念的误解，并刺激对营养较差食物的过量摄入；电视节目中出现的肥胖者比例远低于现实生活，且被描绘得缺乏吸引力、不成功、滑稽可笑或具有其他负面特征，这可能会导致肥胖者常常被迫陷入的孤立状况恶化。不同欧洲国家有不同的电视法规。
电视中对食物和肥胖的常见呈现对饮食习惯和模式有许多已被证实的负面影响。不同国家针对儿童节目和广告的法规可能与不同欧洲国家儿童肥胖患病率的差异有关。电视可以成为传播正确营养知识和预防肥胖信息的便利工具。
