Takwoingi Yohanna M, Demspter John H
Department of Otolaryngology, Crosshouse Hospital, Kilmarnock, KA2 0BE, UK.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2005 May;262(5):423-5. doi: 10.1007/s00405-004-0843-8. Epub 2004 Nov 12.
Nasogastric tubes are increasingly used in the management of a diverse group of patients who generally require short-term enteral feeding. Various techniques of insertion have been described emphasizing the fact that as yet there is no simple and safe method. Nasogastric intubation in head and neck cancer patients may be especially difficult following radiotherapy due to difficulties in swallowing secondary to edema, mucositis, abnormal anatomy and altered sensation. In this paper, we describe a simple technique that evolved from experience of passing enteral feeding tubes in head and neck cancer patients. The feeding tube is inserted through the appropriate nasal cavity, and at 21 cm (8 inches) from the anterior nares in the average adult (corresponding to a few millimeters above the arytenoids), the patient is asked to vocalize by saying 'eeeee' in a high pitched tone. The tube is then advanced into the esophagus while the patient is vocalizing. This technique has been successfully carried out in 22 consecutive patients, thereby avoiding the use of more invasive methods.
鼻胃管越来越多地用于各类通常需要短期肠内喂养患者的管理。已经描述了各种插入技术，强调了目前尚无简单且安全方法这一事实。由于放疗后因水肿、粘膜炎、解剖结构异常和感觉改变导致吞咽困难，头颈部癌症患者的鼻胃管插管可能特别困难。在本文中，我们描述了一种从对头颈部癌症患者插入肠内喂养管的经验中发展而来的简单技术。将喂养管通过合适的鼻腔插入，在平均成年人中距前鼻孔21厘米（8英寸）处（相当于杓状软骨上方几毫米），要求患者用高音调发出“eeeee”的声音。然后在患者发声时将管子推进食管。该技术已在连续22例患者中成功实施，从而避免了使用更具侵入性的方法。
