Grazzi L
Headache Centre, National Neurological Institute C. Besta, Via Celoria 11, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Neurol Sci. 2004 Oct;25 Suppl 3:S223-5. doi: 10.1007/s10072-004-0291-7.
Headache is one of the most common conditions to affect children and adolescents in industrialised countries. Studies indicate a prevalence of 8% to 60%. In over 40% of migraineurs the condition begins before 18 years of age. For clinical researchers, headache in the young is of interest because its causes are easier to investigate than in older people, as the clinical history is brief, the condition has had no time to become chronic, and it is not accompanied by changes in pain neuromodulation and neurotransmission, or the development of a chronic pain/stress-related personality that is common in adults with longstanding headache. The wide variation in reported headache prevalence in young people may be ascribed to lack of representativity of studies and vagueness of diagnostic criteria in studies performed before 1988. The publication of the International Headache Society IHS classification in 1988 for the first time made it possible to accurately diagnose the various headache forms. The diagnostic criteria for adults were adopted for use in young patients. Since that time a burgeoning number of studies on headache in young people have been published.
头痛是工业化国家中影响儿童和青少年的最常见病症之一。研究表明患病率在8%至60%之间。超过40%的偏头痛患者在18岁之前就开始发病。对于临床研究人员来说，年轻人的头痛问题值得关注，因为与老年人相比，其病因更容易调查，这是由于临床病史较短，病情还没有时间发展为慢性，并且它不伴有疼痛神经调节和神经传递的变化，也没有像患有长期头痛的成年人那样形成与慢性疼痛/压力相关的人格。年轻人头痛患病率报告的广泛差异可能归因于研究缺乏代表性以及1988年以前进行的研究中诊断标准的模糊性。1988年国际头痛协会（IHS）分类的发布首次使准确诊断各种头痛形式成为可能。成人的诊断标准被采用用于年轻患者。从那时起，关于年轻人头痛的研究数量迅速增加并已发表。
