Hattori Hidemi, Sato Masato, Masuoka Kazunori, Ishihara Miya, Kikuchi Toshiyuki, Matsui Takemi, Takase Bonpei, Ishizuka Toshiaki, Kikuchi Makoto, Fujikawa Kyosuke, Ishihara Masayuki
Division of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
Cells Tissues Organs. 2004;178(1):2-12. doi: 10.1159/000081088.
Adult bone marrow contains mesenchymal stem cells (bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; BMSCs) which contribute to the generation of mesenchymal tissue such as bone, cartilage, muscle and adipose. However, using bone marrow as a source of stem cells has the limitation of a low cell number. An alternate source of adult stem cells that could be obtained in large quantities, under local anesthesia, with minimal discomfort would be advantageous. Human adipose tissue obtained by liposuction was processed to obtain a fibroblast-like population of cells or adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ATSCs). In this study, we compared the osteogenic differentiation of ATSCs with that of BMSCs. Both cell types were cultured in atelocollagen honeycomb-shaped scaffolds with a membrane seal (ACHMS scaffold) for three-dimensional culturing in a specific osteogenic induction medium. Optimal osteogenic differentiation in both cell types, as determined by alkaline phosphatase cytochemistry, secretion of osteocalcin, mineral (calcium phosphate) deposition and scanning electron microscopy, was obtained with the same three-dimensional culture. Furthermore, osteoblastic lining in vivo was examined using ATSC-seeded or BMSC-seeded scaffolds in nude mice. The present results show that ATSCs have a similar ability to differentiate into osteoblasts to that of BMSCs.
成人骨髓含有间充质干细胞（骨髓源性间充质干细胞；BMSCs），这些细胞有助于生成诸如骨、软骨、肌肉和脂肪等间充质组织。然而，将骨髓用作干细胞来源存在细胞数量少的局限性。能够在局部麻醉下大量获取、不适感最小的成人干细胞替代来源将具有优势。通过抽脂获得的人脂肪组织经过处理，以获得成纤维细胞样细胞群或脂肪组织源性基质细胞（ATSCs）。在本研究中，我们比较了ATSCs和成骨细胞的成骨分化情况。两种细胞类型均在带有膜密封的atelocollagen蜂窝状支架（ACHMS支架）中培养，以便在特定的成骨诱导培养基中进行三维培养。通过碱性磷酸酶细胞化学、骨钙素分泌、矿物质（磷酸钙）沉积和扫描电子显微镜确定，两种细胞类型在相同的三维培养条件下均获得了最佳的成骨分化。此外还在裸鼠体内使用接种了ATSCs或BMSCs的支架检查了成骨细胞内衬。目前的结果表明，ATSCs分化为成骨细胞的能力与BMSCs相似。
