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外源性睾酮会抑制雄性几种形式的亲代行为,并刺激一种一夫一妻制鸣禽——蓝头绿鹃(Vireo solitarius)的鸣叫。

Exogenous testosterone inhibits several forms of male parental behavior and stimulates song in a monogamous songbird: the blue-headed vireo (Vireo solitarius).

作者信息

Van Roo Brandi L

机构信息

Department of Biology, Framingham State College, Framingham, MA 01701, USA.

出版信息

Horm Behav. 2004 Dec;46(5):678-83. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.06.011.

Abstract

Natural variation in circulating testosterone is thought to play a role in creating inter- and intraspecific variation in paternal care in birds. Experimental elevation of plasma testosterone in males has reduced rates of male care in many species. However, a small number of studies suggest that male care is not inhibited by testosterone when there appears to be strong selection for male care. Both genetic monogamy and male incubation are thought to be the result of selection for biparental care, yet the sensitivity of male care to inhibition by T had not been examined in a species with both characteristics. Male blue-headed vireos have been shown to be strictly monogamous and provide extensive parental care, including incubation. Males received subcutaneous implants of testosterone, flutamide (an anti-androgen), or empty controls. Consistent with previous studies, testosterone treatment decreased the relative contribution to incubation by males and increased the average duration that the nest was left unattended during incubation, relative to control and flutamide treatments. The relative and absolute rates of feeding offspring and nest sanitation by T-treated males also decreased relative to controls. Flutamide-treated males incubated eggs and brooded young more than testosterone-treated males, with control males performing at intermediate values. Testosterone-treated males sang more often and at higher rates, and flutamide-treated males sang less often, than controls. These results demonstrate that even in a strictly monogamous songbird with biparental incubation, all forms of paternal care remain sensitive to elevated plasma testosterone, suggesting a shift from parental effort to mating effort.

摘要

循环睾酮的自然变异被认为在造成鸟类父性照料的种间和种内变异方面发挥作用。在许多物种中,雄性血浆睾酮的实验性升高降低了雄性照料的比率。然而,少数研究表明,当对雄性照料似乎有强烈选择时,雄性照料不会受到睾酮的抑制。遗传上的一夫一妻制和雄性孵卵都被认为是双亲照料选择的结果,但在同时具有这两种特征的物种中,雄性照料对睾酮抑制的敏感性尚未得到研究。雄性蓝头莺雀已被证明是严格的一夫一妻制,并提供广泛的亲代照料,包括孵卵。给雄性植入皮下睾酮、氟他胺(一种抗雄激素)或空的对照物。与先前的研究一致,与对照和氟他胺处理相比,睾酮处理降低了雄性对孵卵的相对贡献,并增加了孵卵期间鸟巢无人照看的平均时长。与对照相比,经睾酮处理的雄性喂养后代和进行巢内卫生清理的相对和绝对比率也有所下降。经氟他胺处理的雄性比经睾酮处理的雄性更多地孵卵和育雏,对照雄性的表现介于两者之间。与对照相比,经睾酮处理的雄性更频繁且更高频率地鸣叫,而经氟他胺处理的雄性鸣叫较少。这些结果表明,即使在具有双亲孵卵的严格一夫一妻制鸣禽中,所有形式的父性照料对血浆睾酮升高仍保持敏感,这表明从亲代投入转向了交配投入。

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