Bide R W, Risk D J
Defence R&D Canada--Suffield, Box 4000, Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada T1A 8K6.
J Appl Toxicol. 2004 Nov-Dec;24(6):459-67. doi: 10.1002/jat.998.
Most of the historical data for the toxicity of sarin (GB) was collected for exposure times of <10 min in attempts to establish the utility of and defence against this agent in offensive military use. However, information concerning the toxicity of GB (and other nerve agents) from longer exposures of 1-12 h is critical for all personnel who must work in or close to low-level concentrations of chemical for extended periods and for all personnel, dressed in Individual Protective Equipment, who need to know when, and if, it is safe to take off these cumbersome garments.The data presented for the toxicity of GB to mice for whole-body exposures of 20 min to 12 h are intended to form part of an ongoing, multi-species effort aimed at establishing toxicity estimates for humans for these longer exposure times: LCT50 values of 430, 540, 900, 1210 and 2210 mg.min m(-3) or LC50 values of 21.5, 9.0, 5.0, 3.4 and 3.1 mg m(-3) were obtained for mice for 20-, 60-, 180-, 360- and 720-min exposures to GB, respectively. The data for longer exposures do not follow Haber's rule (LCT50=CT). The 20- and 60-min data fit the 'toxic load model' involving CnT that was established previously from historical data for 0.17-30 min GB exposures to mice. The LCT(50) and LC50 values for 3, 6 and 12 h are progressively higher (toxicity lower) than predicted by either Haber's rule or the toxic load model.
沙林（GB）毒性的大部分历史数据是在暴露时间小于10分钟的情况下收集的，目的是确定这种毒剂在进攻性军事用途中的效用和防御方法。然而，对于所有必须长时间在低浓度化学物质环境中或其附近工作的人员，以及所有穿着个人防护装备、需要知道何时以及是否可以安全脱下这些笨重服装的人员来说，关于GB（和其他神经毒剂）在1至12小时更长时间暴露下的毒性信息至关重要。这里给出的关于GB对小鼠全身暴露20分钟至12小时的毒性数据，旨在作为一项正在进行的多物种研究工作的一部分，该研究旨在确定人类在这些更长暴露时间下的毒性估计值：对于小鼠，在分别暴露于GB 20、60、180、360和720分钟时，获得的LCT50值分别为430、540、900、1210和2210毫克·分钟·立方米⁻³，或LC50值分别为21.5、9.0、5.0、3.4和3.1毫克·立方米⁻³。更长暴露时间的数据并不遵循哈伯法则（LCT50 = CT）。20分钟和60分钟的数据符合先前根据GB对小鼠0.17至30分钟暴露的历史数据建立的涉及CnT的“毒性负荷模型”。3小时、6小时和12小时的LCT(50)和LC50值逐渐高于哈伯法则或毒性负荷模型预测的值（毒性更低）。
