Rumiantsev V G, Bondarenko E Iu
Eksp Klin Gastroenterol. 2004(4):48-54, 109.
Chronic constipations in elderly people proved to be an important medical and social problem due to their high prevalence and serious complications caused by the very disease and administration of stimulating laxatives. They include as follows: anorectic incontinence, large intestine obstruction, stercoral ulcers, laxative dependence and bowels toxic affection (Cathartic colon). Morphological and physiological prerequisites of chronic constipation and anorectic incontinence occurrence are examined in this review. Drugs and tactics for monitoring constipations depending on their severity, dominance of transit and evacuation disturbances, occurrence of anorectic incontinence are described. Characteristics of laxatives and intestinal motility regulators, range of side effects as well as experience of their application in elderly patients with functional constipations and irritable bowel syndrome are presented.
事实证明，老年人慢性便秘是一个重要的医学和社会问题，因为其患病率高，且该疾病及使用刺激性泻药会引发严重并发症。这些并发症包括：肛门失禁、大肠梗阻、粪性溃疡、泻药依赖及肠道毒性作用（泻剂性结肠）。本文综述了慢性便秘和肛门失禁发生的形态学及生理学前提条件。描述了根据便秘严重程度、传输和排空障碍的主导情况以及肛门失禁的发生情况来监测便秘的药物和策略。介绍了泻药和肠道动力调节剂的特点、副作用范围以及它们在老年功能性便秘和肠易激综合征患者中的应用经验。
