Li Liang, Duanmu Hong-Jin
Tuberculosis Clinical Center of Prevention and Treatment, China CDC, Beijing 101149, China.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2004 Oct 17;84(20):1678-80.
To analyze the epidemic situation of children Tuberculosis (TB) in China.
To sum up the data of four times national TB epidemic survey from 1979 to 2000, and analyze the epidemic situation of children whose age were between 0 and 14.
The TB prevalence rates in children were 8.8%, 9.6%, 7.5% and 9.0% in 1979, 1984/85, 1990, 2000. The active pulmonary TB (PTB) prevalence rates in children were 241.7/100 000 172.1/100 000, 91.8/100 000 in 1979, 1990 and 2000, the bacteriological positive PTB prevalence rates were 12.7/100 000, 12.3/100 000 in 1990 and 2000, the smear positive PTB prevalence rates were 7.5/100 000, 7.5/100 000 and 6.7/100 000 in 1979, 1990 and 2000; It was estimated there were 26.08 million children who were infected by microbacterial TB, 266 thousands children active PTB cases, 36 thousands children bacteriological positive PTB cases and 19 thousands children smear positive PTB cases in 2000 according to the data of the national population survey. the rates were 4.5%, 5.9%, 1.8%, 1.3% when comparing them to the all patients. the ratio of children TB prevalence rates between city and country were 1.8, 1.8, 1.7 and 1.2 in the four survey.
The TB prevalence rates in children had not obvious decrease from 1979 to 2000 were not allowed to optimize to the epidemic of children TB. The bacteriological negative PTB had a bigger. The difference of children TB prevelance between city and country reduced gradually. The quantity of sample and other factors influenced the forecast value of PPD to disease, so it would be a trend of using the routine surveillance to replace the national epidemic survey. BCG still would be the an important content in our national TB control before the emergence of the new and more efficient vaccine.
分析我国儿童结核病的流行状况。
汇总1979年至2000年四次全国结核病流行病学调查资料，分析0～14岁儿童的结核病流行情况。
1979年、1984/85年、1990年、2000年儿童结核病患病率分别为8.8%、9.6%、7.5%、9.0%；1979年、1990年、2000年儿童活动性肺结核（PTB）患病率分别为241.7/10万、172.1/10万、91.8/10万，菌阳PTB患病率分别为12.7/10万、12.3/10万，涂片阳性PTB患病率分别为7.5/10万、7.5/10万、6.7/10万；根据全国人口调查资料估算2000年我国有2608万儿童感染结核菌，活动性PTB患儿26.6万，菌阳PTB患儿3.6万，涂片阳性PTB患儿1.9万；占全部患者的比例分别为4.5%、5.9%、1.8%、1.3%。四次调查儿童结核病城乡患病率之比分别为1.8、1.8、1.7、1.2。
1979年至2000年我国儿童结核病患病率无明显下降，儿童结核病疫情不容乐观。菌阴PTB所占比例较大。儿童结核病城乡差异逐渐缩小。由于受样本量等因素影响，PPD对疾病的预测价值受限，采用常规监测取代全国性流调将是发展趋势。在新的、更有效的疫苗出现之前，卡介苗仍是我国结核病控制工作的重要内容。
