Schechtman V L, Harper R M
Brain Research Institute, UCLA School of Medicine.
Sleep. 1992 Feb;15(1):41-7.
Coordination of cardiac and respiratory measures is not mature in newborn infants but develops during early life. The course of that development is assessed in this study. Twelve-hour recordings of electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, digastric electromyogram, electrooculogram and expired CO2 were obtained from 25 normal infants at 1 week and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 months of age. Each 1-minute epoch was classified as quiet sleep, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, waking or indeterminate state. In each sleep-waking state, the correlations of heart rate with respiratory rate, heart rate with respiratory rate variability and respiratory rate with its own variability were determined on a minute-by-minute basis for each recording. The relative extents of correlations between measures and the maturational trends of these correlations were profoundly influenced by sleep-waking state. During quiet sleep, two of the three correlations weakened significantly over the first month of life, but, in the waking state, the same correlations strengthened over this period. During quiet sleep and waking, the three correlations showed similar patterns of development, but the three showed dissimilar developmental trends during REM sleep. These dissimilarities may reflect changes in the nature of REM sleep consequent to myelination of rostral brain pathways.
新生儿的心脏和呼吸调节功能尚不成熟，但在生命早期会逐渐发展。本研究评估了这一发展过程。对25名正常婴儿在1周龄以及1、2、3、4和6月龄时进行了12小时的心电图、脑电图、二腹肌肌电图、眼电图和呼出二氧化碳记录。每个1分钟的时段被分为安静睡眠、快速眼动（REM）睡眠、清醒或不确定状态。在每种睡眠-清醒状态下，针对每次记录，逐分钟确定心率与呼吸频率、心率与呼吸频率变异性以及呼吸频率与其自身变异性之间的相关性。测量指标之间相关性的相对程度及其成熟趋势受到睡眠-清醒状态的深刻影响。在安静睡眠期间，三项相关性中的两项在生命的第一个月内显著减弱，但在清醒状态下，相同的相关性在此期间增强。在安静睡眠和清醒期间，三项相关性呈现出相似的发展模式，但在REM睡眠期间，三项呈现出不同的发展趋势。这些差异可能反映了由于脑前部通路髓鞘化导致的REM睡眠性质的变化。
