Harada Atsushi
Department of Functional Restoration, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology.
Clin Calcium. 2004 Nov;14(11):79-82.
Many programs to prevent falls were designed for intervention in fall risk factors. Several meta-analyses, based on many randomized, controlled trials and conducted for the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of these interventions, have been published recently. According to these studies, multifactorial fall risk assessment and management, as well as muscle strengthening and balance retraining, succeeded in reducing falls by approximately 10-38%. Only New Zealand trials were found to decrease even injurious falls, with reduction of moderate or serious injuries by 35% using fall prevention. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups when looking at only serious injuries such as fractures. Thus, fall prevention can prevent falls, but not fractures at present.
许多预防跌倒的项目旨在干预跌倒风险因素。最近发表了几项基于众多随机对照试验、旨在评估这些干预措施效果的荟萃分析。根据这些研究，多因素跌倒风险评估与管理以及肌肉强化和平衡再训练成功地将跌倒发生率降低了约10%至38%。仅新西兰的试验发现甚至能减少伤害性跌倒，通过预防跌倒使中度或重度伤害减少了35%。然而，仅观察骨折等严重伤害时，两组之间没有显著差异。因此，目前预防跌倒可以预防跌倒，但不能预防骨折。
