有机碳对加利福尼亚稻田土壤中杀草丹还原脱氯的影响。
Influence of organic carbon on reductive dechlorination of thiobencarb in California rice field soils.
作者信息
Schmelzer Kara R, Johnson Catherine S, Viant Mark R, Williams John F, Tjeerdema Ronald S
机构信息
Department of Environmental Toxicology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
出版信息
Pest Manag Sci. 2005 Jan;61(1):68-74. doi: 10.1002/ps.948.
The herbicide thiobencarb is suspected of causing delayed phytotoxicity syndrome (DPS) in rice plants. While the ultimate agent appears to be its dechlorinated product (deschlorothiobencarb), the influence of organic carbon on the formation of deschlorothiobencarb in California rice field soils has not been investigated. Thus, two different soils were compared for their ability to reductively dechlorinate thiobencarb with carbon augmentation: one from the eastern Sacramento Valley, which has historically displayed DPS, and one from the western Sacramento Valley, which has not. Rice straw was homogenized into samples of each soil to produce 0, 0.33 or 2% organic carbon augmentation. During 90-days of anoxic incubation, substantial deschlorothiobencarb production was measured in both soil types. However, only the thiobencarb degradation rate in the eastern valley soil was positively correlated with carbon content. Thus, other characteristics of DPS-resistant soils may limit deschlorothiobencarb formation.
除草剂禾草丹被怀疑会在水稻植株中引发延迟性植物毒性综合征（DPS）。虽然最终的作用物似乎是其脱氯产物（去氯禾草丹），但有机碳对加利福尼亚稻田土壤中去氯禾草丹形成的影响尚未得到研究。因此，比较了两种不同土壤在添加碳的情况下对禾草丹进行还原脱氯的能力：一种来自萨克拉门托河谷东部，该地区历史上曾出现过DPS；另一种来自萨克拉门托河谷西部，该地区未出现过DPS。将稻草匀浆到每种土壤样品中，以产生0%、0.33%或2%的有机碳添加量。在90天的缺氧培养期间，两种土壤类型中均检测到大量去氯禾草丹的产生。然而，只有东部山谷土壤中的禾草丹降解速率与碳含量呈正相关。因此，抗DPS土壤的其他特性可能会限制去氯禾草丹的形成。
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