参与冠状病毒复制的病毒和细胞蛋白。
Viral and cellular proteins involved in coronavirus replication.
作者信息
Shi S T, Lai M M C
机构信息
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
出版信息
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2005;287:95-131. doi: 10.1007/3-540-26765-4_4.
As the largest RNA virus, coronavirus replication employs complex mechanisms and involves various viral and cellular proteins. The first open reading frame of the coronavirus genome encodes a large polyprotein, which is processed into a number of viral proteins required for viral replication directly or indirectly. These proteins include the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), RNA helicase, proteases, metal-binding proteins, and a number of other proteins of unknown function. Genetic studies suggest that most of these proteins are involved in viral RNA replication. In addition to viral proteins, several cellular proteins, such as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A1, polypyrimidine-tract-binding (PTB) protein, poly(A)-binding protein (PABP), and mitochondrial aconitase (m-aconitase), have been identified to interact with the critical cis-acting elements of coronavirus replication. Like many other RNA viruses, coronavirus may subvert these cellular proteins from cellular RNA processing or translation machineries to play a role in viral replication.
作为最大的RNA病毒，冠状病毒的复制采用复杂机制，涉及多种病毒蛋白和细胞蛋白。冠状病毒基因组的第一个开放阅读框编码一个大的多聚蛋白，该多聚蛋白被加工成许多直接或间接参与病毒复制所需的病毒蛋白。这些蛋白包括RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶（RdRp）、RNA解旋酶、蛋白酶、金属结合蛋白以及许多其他功能未知的蛋白。遗传学研究表明，这些蛋白中的大多数都参与病毒RNA复制。除了病毒蛋白外，几种细胞蛋白，如不均一核核糖核蛋白（hnRNP）A1、多嘧啶序列结合（PTB）蛋白、聚腺苷酸结合蛋白（PABP）和线粒体乌头酸酶（m-乌头酸酶），已被确定与冠状病毒复制的关键顺式作用元件相互作用。与许多其他RNA病毒一样，冠状病毒可能从细胞RNA加工或翻译机制中夺取这些细胞蛋白，使其在病毒复制中发挥作用。
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