Mitchell Anita, Stevens Bonnie, Mungan Nils, Johnson William, Lobert Sharon, Boss Barbara
University of Louisiana at Monroe, 68 Quail Ridge Drive, Monroe, LA 71203, USA.
Pain Manag Nurs. 2004 Dec;5(4):160-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2004.06.001.
Oral sucrose reduces pain during heel sticks and venipunctures in preterm infants, but no studies have been done to determine the effectiveness of sucrose during eye examinations for retinopathy of prematurity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of local anesthetic eye drops and a pacifier, plus repeated doses of 24% sucrose, to relieve pain associated with eye examinations for retinopathy of prematurity. In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, 30 preterm infants were randomly assigned to one of two treatments, in which they received either local anesthetic eye drops, a pacifier, plus three doses of sterile water or local anesthetic eye drops, a pacifier, plus three doses of 24% sucrose during the eye examination. Treatment effectiveness was determined using a validated infant pain measure, the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP), which includes measures of facial expressions, heart rate, and oxygen saturation and takes behavioral state and gestational age into consideration. Data were collected before, during, and following an examination of the left eye. Statistically significant differences in mean PIPP scores were found between the sucrose and water groups during the left eye examination. The mean PIPP score was 8.8 for the sucrose group and 11.4 for the water group ( t = 2.87, p = .008 two-tailed). No significant differences were found in PIPP scores immediately following the procedure. Sucrose and a pacifier may be beneficial for minimizing pain during eye examinations in preterm infants and should be considered as a part of evidence-based guidelines for relieving pain during this procedure.
口服蔗糖可减轻早产儿足跟采血和静脉穿刺时的疼痛，但尚未有研究确定蔗糖在早产儿视网膜病变眼部检查中的有效性。因此，本研究的目的是确定局部麻醉眼药水和安抚奶嘴，加重复剂量的24%蔗糖，对减轻早产儿视网膜病变眼部检查相关疼痛的有效性。在这项双盲随机对照试验中，30名早产儿被随机分配到两种治疗方法之一，即在眼部检查期间，他们要么接受局部麻醉眼药水、安抚奶嘴加三剂无菌水，要么接受局部麻醉眼药水、安抚奶嘴加三剂24%蔗糖。使用经过验证的婴儿疼痛测量工具——早产儿疼痛量表（PIPP）来确定治疗效果，该量表包括面部表情、心率和血氧饱和度测量，并考虑行为状态和胎龄。在左眼检查前、检查期间和检查后收集数据。在左眼检查期间，蔗糖组和水组之间的平均PIPP评分存在统计学显著差异。蔗糖组的平均PIPP评分为8.8，水组为11.4（t = 2.87，双侧p = .008）。检查后立即测得的PIPP评分无显著差异。蔗糖和安抚奶嘴可能有助于将早产儿眼部检查期间的疼痛降至最低，应被视为该检查过程中减轻疼痛的循证指南的一部分。
