异丙肾上腺素、卡巴胆碱和氯氮平体外刺激后人下颌下唾液腺浆液性和黏液性腺细胞：光镜、透射电镜和高分辨扫描电镜研究

Serous and mucous cells of human submandibular salivary gland stimulated in vitro by isoproterenol, carbachol and clozapine: an LM, TEM, and HRSEM Study.

作者信息

Riva A, Puxeddu R, Loy F, Isola M, Cabras T, Testa Riva F

机构信息

Department of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Italy.

出版信息

Eur J Morphol. 2003 Apr;41(2):83-7. doi: 10.1080/09243860412331282174.

DOI:10.1080/09243860412331282174

PMID:15621860

Abstract

We have investigated by LM, TEM, and HRSEM the effects of D,L-isoproterenol (beta-adrenergic agent), carbachol (muscarinic agent) and clozapine on biopsy specimens of human submandibular gland stimulated in vitro in an inorganic oxygenated medium. Clozapine is a dibenzodiazepine derivative used in psychotic patients that provokes hypersalivation, a displeasing side effect that often causes discontinuance of therapy. Our findings demonstrate that clozapine acts on salivary mucous and seromucous (serous) cells of the gland as a muscarinic agonist. However, the induced secretory response seems to differ qualitatively and quantitatively from that resulting from carbachol. Thus, in agreement with published data resulting from therapeutic treatments and from experimental studies on rats, the mechanism of clozapine induced hypersialorrhea remains open to further investigation.

摘要

我们通过光镜（LM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和高分辨率扫描电子显微镜（HRSEM）研究了D，L-异丙肾上腺素（β-肾上腺素能药物）、卡巴胆碱（毒蕈碱样药物）和氯氮平对在无机含氧培养基中体外刺激的人下颌下腺活检标本的影响。氯氮平是一种用于精神病患者的二苯并二氮䓬衍生物，它会引起唾液分泌过多，这是一种令人不快的副作用，常常导致治疗中断。我们的研究结果表明，氯氮平作为一种毒蕈碱激动剂作用于腺体的唾液黏液细胞和浆液黏液（浆液性）细胞。然而，诱导的分泌反应在质量和数量上似乎与卡巴胆碱引起的反应不同。因此，与治疗性治疗和对大鼠的实验研究得出的已发表数据一致，氯氮平诱导流涎过多的机制仍有待进一步研究。