Welp C, Werner J, Böhringer D, Hexamer M
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical Faculty, University Center of Medical Engineering (UZMT), Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.
Biomed Tech (Berl). 2004 Nov;49(11):327-31. doi: 10.1515/BMT.2004.061.
For many years computer models of the cardiovascular system have existed with which the complex physiological interrelations of regulation processes may be studied. However, one major disadvantage of these models is the simplified modeling of the heart kinematics whereby the short term regulation effects of the heart itself on varying physical strains may only be simulated rudimentarily. The developed pulsatile model emphasizes the detailed description of the systolic wall tension progression subject to the Hill/Frank-Starling mechanisms and the simulation of the cardiac valves. Moreover, to be able to describe long term effects the pulsatile model was coupled to the established cardio vascular model of Guyton. Using the coupled system the influences of impaired valve function and ventricular relaxation disorders on the cardiac output as well as the need for an implementation of a physical strain dependent av-delay in existing pacemaker types were investigated. Both the dynamics and the steady-state values of a subset of variables (pressure, volume, flow) were successfully validated by comparing them to published experimental and clinical recordings.
多年来，心血管系统的计算机模型一直存在，借助这些模型可以研究调节过程中复杂的生理相互关系。然而，这些模型的一个主要缺点是心脏运动学建模过于简化，因此心脏自身对不同身体应变的短期调节作用只能进行初步模拟。所开发的脉动模型着重于根据希尔/弗兰克-斯塔林机制对收缩期壁张力变化进行详细描述以及对心脏瓣膜进行模拟。此外，为了能够描述长期影响，将脉动模型与已有的盖顿心血管模型相结合。利用该耦合系统，研究了瓣膜功能受损和心室舒张障碍对心输出量的影响，以及在现有起搏器类型中实施与身体应变相关的房室延迟的必要性。通过将一组变量（压力、体积、流量）的动态值和稳态值与已发表的实验和临床记录进行比较，成功验证了这些值。
