Obralić Nermina, Gavrankapetanović Faris, Dizdarević Zehra, Durić Osman, Sisić Fuad, Selak Ivan, Balta Snjezana, Nakas Bakir
Clinical Center University Sarajevo.
Med Arh. 2004;58(5):275-8.
Due to the specific war and post-war situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina it is possible to notice some differences in the number, type, advancement, biological course, treatment and its outcome. The actual situation which appeared in connection to depleted uranium has additionally raised questions about its influence on human health and about eventual increase in the number of malignant diseases in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In public, we often see that there are claims about enormous increase in the incidence of cancer. In order to achieve a realistic picture of actual condition and to avoid panic and ignorant attitude, correct and constant data of malignant tumors are necessary.
To collect and analyze data on population with malignant tumors in the region of Sarajevo city, which represents a symbol of difficult times in our country in the recent past.
We have collected and analysed data on, population with malignant tumors which included persons with permanent residence in Sarajevo Canton during 5-year period, from 01.01.1998, until 31.12.2002. Results were compared to regional and world indicators, and were observed in the light of specific local situation.
During period of 5 years (1998-2002) 7733 new cases of malignant tumors were registered in Sarajevo Canton; 3940 among men and 3809 among women. Mostly registered tumors were: lung cancer, amelanotic skin tumors, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical and uterine cancer, urinary bladder cancer, prostate cancer and cancer of larynx.
Number of all malignant tumors in the region of Sarajevo Canton correlates to those in South European countries and the one estimated by GLOBCAN 2000. High number was registered in 1998, possibly due to normalization of the health services (diagnostics and treatment of malignant tumors), which didn't exist during the war and early post-war period. After 2000, there is a gradual increase in the number of people with malignant tumors. The most common tumors are lung and breast cancer. Significant differences to estimation and data registrated in other South European counties is high number of laryngeal cancer, urinary bladder cancer, bone and cartilage sarcoma, brain tumors and malignant lymphomas among both genders. Cervical cancer is extremely high up on the list, which correlates with data in developing countries. The incidence of smoking in Bosnia and Herzegovina is extremely high, almost complete, which can influence not only the appearance of lung cancer but also laryngeal and urinary bladder cancer. It is hard to say whether the war and post-war stress, irregular and insufficient nutrition during and after the siege of the city or some other factor have influenced their appearance among exposed population and differences in the observed incidence.
由于波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那特定的战争及战后局势，可以注意到在数量、类型、进展、生物学过程、治疗及其结果方面存在一些差异。与贫铀相关出现的实际情况进一步引发了关于其对人类健康的影响以及波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那恶性疾病数量是否会最终增加的问题。在公众中，我们经常看到有关癌症发病率大幅上升的说法。为了切实了解实际情况并避免恐慌和无知态度，恶性肿瘤的准确且持续的数据是必要的。
收集并分析萨拉热窝市地区恶性肿瘤患者的数据，该市象征着我国近期艰难时期。
我们收集并分析了恶性肿瘤患者的数据，其中包括1998年1月1日至2002年12月31日这5年期间在萨拉热窝州永久居住的人员。将结果与区域和世界指标进行比较，并根据当地具体情况进行观察。
在5年期间（1998 - 2002年），萨拉热窝州登记了7733例新的恶性肿瘤病例；男性3940例，女性3809例。登记最多的肿瘤为：肺癌、无黑色素皮肤肿瘤、乳腺癌、结肠直肠癌、宫颈癌和子宫癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌和喉癌。
萨拉热窝州所有恶性肿瘤的数量与南欧国家以及全球癌症负担2000估计的数据相关。1998年登记数量较高，可能是由于卫生服务（恶性肿瘤的诊断和治疗）的正常化，而在战争期间和战后初期并不存在。2000年之后，恶性肿瘤患者数量逐渐增加。最常见的肿瘤是肺癌和乳腺癌。与其他南欧国家估计和登记的数据存在显著差异的是，两性中喉癌、膀胱癌、骨和软骨肉瘤、脑肿瘤和恶性淋巴瘤的数量较多。宫颈癌在列表中极高，这与发展中国家的数据相关。波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的吸烟率极高，几乎全民吸烟，这不仅会影响肺癌的出现，还会影响喉癌和膀胱癌。很难说战争和战后压力、城市围困期间及之后不规律和不足的营养或其他因素是否影响了受影响人群中这些癌症的出现以及观察到的发病率差异。
