Miovský M, Miovská L, Mravcík V
Psychologický ústav Akademie ved CR, Praha.
Cas Lek Cesk. 2004;143(11):723-30.
Illegal drugs represent substantial health, social, legal and economical risks both for individuals and the whole society. Since 1989 the Czech drug scene has changed rapidly; these changes have resulted in an establishment of new market-based drug scene similar to other western European countries. Authors summarise basic data on the whole spectrum of drug users groups and emphasise that the concept of drug users as patients in treatment or as criminal offenders only was wrong. So-called recreational drug users are the most prevalent and from the research point of view the least studied group of users mostly without any contact with treatment services or criminal justice system. Drug information system introduced in the Czech Republic four years ago is presented; this system allows comparison with other European countries. It covers surveys on drug use among general and school population, studies on prevalence estimates of problem drug use, treatment demands, drug related infectious diseases and drug related deaths. Data on drug related crime, drug consumption and drug seizing are briefly presented.
非法药物对个人和整个社会都构成了重大的健康、社会、法律和经济风险。自1989年以来，捷克的毒品形势迅速变化；这些变化导致建立了一个类似于其他西欧国家的基于市场的新毒品形势。作者总结了关于各类吸毒人群的基本数据，并强调仅将吸毒者视为接受治疗的患者或刑事罪犯的观念是错误的。所谓的娱乐性吸毒者最为普遍，从研究角度来看，他们是研究最少的吸毒群体，大多与治疗服务或刑事司法系统没有任何接触。介绍了四年前在捷克共和国引入的毒品信息系统；该系统允许与其他欧洲国家进行比较。它涵盖了对普通人群和学校人群的吸毒情况调查、问题吸毒流行率估计研究、治疗需求、与毒品相关的传染病和与毒品相关的死亡情况。简要介绍了与毒品相关犯罪、毒品消费和毒品查获的数据。
