Laschke Matthias W, Kerdudou Sylvain, Herrmann Mathias, Menger Michael D
Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
J Infect Dis. 2005 Feb 1;191(3):435-43. doi: 10.1086/427193. Epub 2004 Dec 28.
The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to adhere to endothelial cells is a major prerequisite for the tissue-invasive stage of bacterial infection.
To develop a model for the study of endothelial attachment and detachment kinetics of S. aureus within the host's microvasculature in vivo, we labeled inactivated staphylococci with fluorescein isothiocyanate and investigated their interaction with the vascular endothelium of arterioles, capillaries, and venules in the dorsal skin-fold chamber of untreated and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-treated hamsters by use of intravital fluorescence microscopy.
During the first 20 min after injection, >99% of the bacteria were removed from the microvascular bloodstream. In parallel, single bacteria and bacterial clusters adhered to the endothelial lining of postcapillary venules and to nutritive capillaries. Bacterial adherence to the endothelium of arterioles was only rarely observed. TNF-alpha treatment significantly accelerated bacterial clearance and resulted in a significant increase of venular, but not arteriolar and capillary, bacterial adherence, indicating the venular endothelium to be the target structure for bacterial recruitment.
The insights into host-pathogen interaction gained with this new in vivo model offer highly promising novel aspects of the understanding of infections caused by S. aureus.
金黄色葡萄球菌黏附于内皮细胞的能力是细菌感染组织侵袭阶段的主要前提条件。
为建立一个研究金黄色葡萄球菌在宿主体内微脉管系统中内皮细胞黏附与脱离动力学的模型，我们用异硫氰酸荧光素标记灭活的葡萄球菌，并通过活体荧光显微镜观察其与未处理及经肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α处理的仓鼠背部皮肤褶皱腔中小动脉、毛细血管和小静脉血管内皮的相互作用。
注射后最初20分钟内，>99%的细菌从微血管血流中清除。与此同时，单个细菌和细菌簇黏附于毛细血管后微静脉的内皮以及营养性毛细血管。很少观察到细菌黏附于小动脉内皮。TNF-α处理显著加速细菌清除，并导致微静脉（而非小动脉和毛细血管）细菌黏附显著增加，表明微静脉内皮是细菌募集的靶结构。
通过这个新的体内模型获得的宿主-病原体相互作用的见解为理解金黄色葡萄球菌引起的感染提供了极具前景的新方面。
