Antal Magda, Regöly-Mérei Andrea, Meskó Eva, Barna Mária, Biró Lajos, Rurik Imre, Soós Aladár, Gyömörei Edina, Réti Katalin, Horváth Zoltánné, Veresné Bálint Márta, Pék Zita, Szépvölgyi Judit, Nagy Katalin
Fodor József Országos Közegészségügyi Központ, Budapest.
Orv Hetil. 2004 Dec 5;145(49):2477-83.
The preliminaries of the cardiovascular diseases can be traced back to the childhood. The authors tried to find relationship between parents with early onset myocardial infarction (AMI) and incidence of risk factors for ischemic heart disease in their children as compared to respective data for families with no incidence of myocardial infarction.
The study population consisted of 38 persons with early onset AMI myocardial infarction (age < 55 y) and their 66 children, and 38 adult control subjects and their 33 children. In each person arterial blood pressure, body weight, body height, waist circumference were recorded and body mass index (BMI: kg/m2) was calculated. Eating habits and life style practices were recorded in a questionnaire in the case of each participant. Laboratory variables were determined in the blood sera as follows, glucose, triglycerides (Tg), total cholesterol (T-C), HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein-A, apolipoprotein-B, and lipoprotein (a). The atherogenic index (LDL-C/HDL-C) (LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol) was also calculated. STATISTICAL EVALUATION: Data were evaluated statistically using the SPSS for Windows 9.
According to the mean BMI values all groups of parents belonged to the overweight category. The mean cholesterol levels of all adults were in the borderline high category. In males with early onset myocardial infarction sera concentrations of HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein-A were significantly lower, whereas triglyceride and atherogenic index were significantly higher than respective data for control parents. In all groups of parents, fasting mean serum glucose concentrations were higher than the reference value, serum total-cholesterol concentrations were in the borderline high category. In the daughter of the parents with early onset myocardial infarction had a higher atherogenic index than that of controls. Eating habits did not essentially differ between case vs. control families. Consumption of milk, dairy products, fruit and vegetables was insufficient in each group. Incidences of smoking for parents and children were 55% and 35% in the myocardial infarction group and 44% and 37% in the control group, respectively. Physical activity was completely insufficient in each group studied.
Since no considerable differences were seen between the case vs control families in the parameters tested, therefore it is presumed that the offspring born to parents with or without early onset myocardial infarction are at equal risk to develop cardiovascular diseases unless lifestyle practices are profoundly changed.
心血管疾病的发病前奏可追溯到儿童时期。作者试图找出早发性心肌梗死（AMI）患者的父母与其子女患缺血性心脏病危险因素的发生率之间的关系，并与无心肌梗死发病家族的相应数据进行比较。
研究人群包括38例早发性AMI心肌梗死患者（年龄<55岁）及其66名子女，以及38名成年对照者及其33名子女。记录每个人的动脉血压、体重、身高、腰围，并计算体重指数（BMI：kg/m²）。通过问卷记录每位参与者的饮食习惯和生活方式。检测血清中的实验室变量如下：葡萄糖、甘油三酯（Tg）、总胆固醇（T-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白-A、载脂蛋白-B和脂蛋白（a）。还计算了动脉粥样硬化指数（LDL-C/HDL-C）（低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇）。统计评估：使用SPSS for Windows 9对数据进行统计学评估。
根据平均BMI值，所有父母组均属于超重类别。所有成年人的平均胆固醇水平处于临界高水平。早发性心肌梗死男性患者血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白-A的浓度显著降低，而甘油三酯和动脉粥样硬化指数显著高于对照父母的相应数据。在所有父母组中，空腹平均血清葡萄糖浓度高于参考值，血清总胆固醇浓度处于临界高水平。早发性心肌梗死患者的女儿的动脉粥样硬化指数高于对照组。病例组和对照组家庭的饮食习惯基本没有差异。每组中牛奶、乳制品、水果和蔬菜的摄入量都不足。心肌梗死组父母和子女的吸烟率分别为55%和35%，对照组分别为44%和37%。所研究的每组的身体活动都完全不足。
由于在测试参数方面，病例组和对照组家庭之间未发现显著差异，因此推测，无论父母是否患有早发性心肌梗死，其子女患心血管疾病的风险是相等的，除非生活方式发生深刻改变。
