McPherson Kenneth F
Int J Emerg Ment Health. 2004 Fall;6(4):223-33.
Many individuals struggle to express their thoughts and feelings following a crisis situation. When these feelings include questions related to spiritual issues such as bad things happening to good people, meaning in life and its tragedies, and the very existence of a caring and loving God, people shut down even more tightly. Imagine how much greater this difficulty becomes for those who lack the ability to verbalize what they are experiencing. Many of our most widely used crisis intervention models rely on verbal techniques to elicit people's thoughts and feelings about stressful incidents they've just experienced. The main focus of this paper is to provide alternative techniques for eliciting the thoughts and feelings of children during traumatic times. The paper reviews basic principles of pastoral crisis intervention (PCI), presents typical spiritual reactions of children to trauma by age groups, presents Crisis Response Play Therapy (CRPT) as one alternative method that bypasses the need for verbalization, and proposes the use of similar experiential techniques for special needs populations, including adults, who have difficulty giving voice to their experiences.
许多人在危机情况后难以表达自己的想法和感受。当这些感受包括与精神问题相关的疑问时，比如好人遭遇坏事、生命的意义及其悲剧，以及关爱世人的上帝是否存在，人们会更加封闭自己。想象一下，对于那些无法用言语表达自身经历的人来说，这种困难会变得多大。我们许多最常用的危机干预模式都依赖言语技巧来引出人们对刚刚经历的压力事件的想法和感受。本文的主要重点是提供替代技巧，以便在创伤时期引出儿童的想法和感受。本文回顾了牧师危机干预（PCI）的基本原则，按年龄组呈现了儿童对创伤的典型精神反应，介绍了危机反应游戏疗法（CRPT）作为一种无需言语表达的替代方法，并建议对包括成年人在内的特殊需求人群使用类似的体验式技巧，这些人难以说出自己的经历。
