Rauprich Petra, Walter Gabriele, Jarstrand Connie, Robertson Bengt, Herting Egbert
Department of Pediatrics, University of Göttingen, Germany.
Immunobiology. 2004;209(8):609-17. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2004.09.002.
In addition to its biophysical functions, surfactant plays an important role in pulmonary host defense. In this investigation we studied the influence of various commercially available surfactants on the phagocytosis of bacteria that are common pathogens in the neonatal period. Group B streptococci (GBS), Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were cultured with isolated human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) and non-specific serum in the presence or absence of different modified natural (Curosurf, Alveofact, Survanta) or totally synthetic, protein-free surfactant preparations (Exosurf, Pumactant). Prior to and after 30 and 60 min of incubation with PMN at different surfactant concentrations (1, 10 or 20 mg/ml), the number of viable bacteria was determined by colony counting. Killing of S. aureus by PMN was not influenced by any of the surfactants. Alveofact and Curosurf had no significant negative impact on phagocytosis. At 20 mg/ml, Curosurf even reduced the number of viable E. coli. Survanta at 10 and 20 mg/ml and Exosurf at all concentrations impaired the killing of non-encapsulated GBS and E. coli. Pumactant at 1-20 mg/ml interfered with the phagocytosis of E. coli. In further experiments we demonstrated that Curosurf did not interfere with the phagocytosis of an encapsulated GBS-strain opsonised by a specific antiserum either. In additional experiments we analysed the influence of the different surfactants on the release of reactive oxygen metabolite by PMN and found that the changes in nitroblue tetrazolium reduction did not necessarily correlate with the findings of the studies on killing. In conclusion, we found that killing by PMN was influenced by the bacterial species and the composition and concentration of the different surfactant preparations. The strongest impairment in phagocytic function of PMN was observed with the protein-free synthetic surfactant Exosurf, a phospholipid preparation that contains the alcohols hexadecanol and tyloxapol as spreading agents.
除了其生物物理功能外，表面活性剂在肺部宿主防御中也起着重要作用。在本研究中，我们研究了各种市售表面活性剂对新生儿期常见病原菌吞噬作用的影响。将B族链球菌（GBS）、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌与分离的人多形核白细胞（PMN）和非特异性血清一起培养，同时存在或不存在不同的改良天然（珂立苏、固尔苏、 Survanta）或完全合成的无蛋白表面活性剂制剂（固尔苏、勃肺定）。在不同表面活性剂浓度（1、10或20mg/ml）下与PMN孵育30和60分钟之前和之后，通过菌落计数确定活菌数量。PMN对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀伤不受任何一种表面活性剂的影响。固尔苏和珂立苏对吞噬作用没有显著负面影响。在20mg/ml时，珂立苏甚至减少了大肠杆菌的活菌数量。10mg/ml和20mg/ml的Survanta以及所有浓度的固尔苏均损害了对非包膜GBS和大肠杆菌的杀伤。1-20mg/ml的勃肺定干扰了大肠杆菌的吞噬作用。在进一步的实验中，我们还证明珂立苏也不会干扰被特异性抗血清调理的包膜GBS菌株的吞噬作用。在其他实验中，我们分析了不同表面活性剂对PMN释放活性氧代谢产物的影响，发现硝基蓝四氮唑还原的变化不一定与杀伤研究结果相关。总之，我们发现PMN的杀伤作用受细菌种类以及不同表面活性剂制剂的组成和浓度影响。观察到无蛋白合成表面活性剂固尔苏对PMN吞噬功能的损害最强，固尔苏是一种含有十六醇和聚乙氧基月桂醇醚作为铺展剂的磷脂制剂。
