Pro-oxidant action of phloxine B on fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

A Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutant deficient in Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (sod1 mutant) was hypersensitive to phloxine B, which is used as a food-colouring agent and also to distinguish diploid strains of Sz. pombe from haploid strains, under illumination with light. The pro-oxidant nature of phloxine B was confirmed biochemically. The carbonyl content of proteins (which represents protein oxidation) increased, and the reduced form of glutathione was transiently decreased by phloxine B treatment under illumination with light. When cells were treated with phloxine B under light, carbonyl content of proteins in the sod1 mutant was greater than that in the wild-type and amount of glutathione was much decreased in the sod1 mutant compared with the wild-type. Genes induced by oxidative stress were induced by phloxine B under illumination with light and some were induced by phloxine B without light.