Haber Mason G, Toro Paul A
Wayne State University, 71 W. Warren Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2004 Sep;7(3):123-64. doi: 10.1023/b:ccfp.0000045124.09503.f1.
This paper reviews and evaluates the literatures on children in families that are homeless and on adolescents who are homeless on their own. After presenting several emerging theoretical approaches, we propose a broad ecological-developmental perspective that recognizes that, although persons in these groups often lack resources and experience negative events that can amplify the risk for poor outcomes, they also have resources and adaptive potential. The perspective also recognizes that homelessness may have different meanings and outcomes at different points in development and that we need to consider interactions between individual development and multiple levels of social organization in order to foster new solutions to homelessness. On the basis of this perspective, we discuss directions for treatment and preventive interventions as well as social policy.
本文回顾并评估了关于无家可归家庭中的儿童以及独自无家可归青少年的文献。在介绍了几种新出现的理论方法之后，我们提出了一个广泛的生态发展视角，该视角认识到，尽管这些群体中的人往往缺乏资源并经历可能增加不良后果风险的负面事件，但他们也拥有资源和适应潜力。该视角还认识到，无家可归在不同的发展阶段可能具有不同的含义和后果，并且我们需要考虑个体发展与多个社会组织层面之间的相互作用，以便找到解决无家可归问题的新办法。基于这一视角，我们讨论了治疗和预防干预措施以及社会政策的方向。
